SHORT-TERM LONGITUDINAL CHANGE IN COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE IN LATER LIFE
SHORT-TERM LONGITUDINAL CHANGE IN COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE IN LATER LIFE
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DOI：
10.1037/0882-7974.7.4.571
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发表时间：
1992-12-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
DIXON, RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HULTSCH, DF;HERTZOG, C;DIXON, RA
在3年的时间里，研究人员检查了他们在记忆、信息处理和智力任务上的平均表现变化。样本包括328名居住在社区的男性和女性（来自484人的原始样本），年龄在55-86岁之间。完成的任务产生了言语处理时间、工作记忆、内隐记忆、词汇量、言语流畅性、世界知识、阅读理解、单词记忆和文本记忆的测量。结果显示，工作记忆、语言流畅性和世界知识的平均水平明显下降。在处理时间测量和工作记忆方面也有相互作用，显示出出生较早的队列组比出生较晚的队列组下降更大。一项逐步下降的分析显示，包括处理时间在内的其他变量的共变下降，并没有消除工作记忆、语言流畅性和世界知识的显著下降。
Changes in mean performance on memory, information processing, and intellectual ability tasks over a 3-year period were examined. The sample consisted of 328 community-dwelling men and women (from an original sample of 484 individuals) aged 55-86 years. Ss completed tasks yielding measures of verbal processing time, working memory, implicit memory, vocabulary, verbal fluency, world knowledge, reading comprehension, word recall, and text recall. The results showed significant average decline on working memory, verbal fluency, and world knowledge. There were also interactions for 2 processing time measures and working memory, showing greater decline in the earlier-born cohort group than in the later-born cohort group. A step-down analysis revealed that covarying declines in other variables, including processing time, did not eliminate significant declines in working memory, verbal fluency, and world knowledge.