Integumental chromatophores of a color-change, thermoregulating lizard, Phrynosoma modestum (Iguanidae, Reptilia). American Museum novitates ; ; no. 2943.
Integumental chromatophores of a color-change, thermoregulating lizard, Phrynosoma modestum (Iguanidae, Reptilia). American Museum novitates ; ; no. 2943.
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变色、体温调节蜥蜴 Phrynosomamodem（鬣蜥科，爬行动物）的外皮色素细胞。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1989
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
W. C. Sherbrooke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. K. Frost;W. C. Sherbrooke
生活在奇瓦瓦沙漠的一种蜥蜴的皮肤色素团结构（排列）与唯一的另一种蜥蜴Anolis carolinensis有显著不同，后者的皮肤色素团单位在以前被描述过。在适度Phrynosoma moderum中，只有两种细胞类型（而不是三种）参与生理颜色变化。一种类型，虹膜细胞，被组织成厚厚的一层，覆盖并吞没了第二种类型的黑色素细胞，后者具有穿透虹膜细胞层到真皮外表面的过程。虹膜反射血小板缺乏有组织的层状排列，反射白光而不是干涉现象产生的颜色。这两种细胞类型是热调节性颜色变化的主要效应器。黄细胞和红细胞大多不参与生理颜色的变化，它们以低密度广泛分散，并聚集成精细的图案，从而有助于背景颜色的匹配和伪装。这种色素体的排列可能是典型的沙漠蜥蜴，主要利用生理颜色变化来调节体温。其他令人感兴趣的发现包括：(1)对马赛克色团的观察，其中单个细胞包含代表三种色团类型的细胞器；(2)裸鼠胚胎中黑色素细胞的出现顺序，其次是虹膜细胞，最后是黄素细胞；(3)聚集在翼状体同心薄片上的电子致密物质。
Ahomed lizard inhabiting the Chihuahuan Desert has a dermal chromatophore architecture (arrangement) significantly different from that of the only other lizard, Anolis carolinensis, whose dermal chromatophore unit was previously described. In Phrynosoma modestum, only two cell types (rather than three) are involved in physiological color change. One type, iridophores, are organized into a thick layer overlying and engulfing the second type, melanophores, which have processes that penetrate through the iridophore layer to the outer surface ofthe dermis. Iridophore reflecting platelets lack an organized layered arrangement, reflecting white light rather than colors produced by interference phenomena. These two cell types are the major effectors of thermoregulatory color change. Xanthophores and erythrophores, uninvolved in physiological color change for the most part, are both widely scattered at low densities and aggregated into elaborate patterns, thus contributing to background color matching and camouflage. The chromatophore arrangement in P. modestum may be typical of desert lizards that utilize physiological color change mainly for thermoregulation. Other findings of interest include (1) the observation of mosaic chromatophores, wherein a single cell contains organelles representative of three chromatophore types; (2) the unreported ontogenetic sequence of appearance of melanophores, followed by iridophores, and lastly by xanthophores, in embryonic P. modestum; and (3) electron dense material organized in concentric lamellae of the pterinosomes.