Attending holistically versus analytically: Comparing the context sensitivity of Japanese and Americans
Attending holistically versus analytically: Comparing the context sensitivity of Japanese and Americans
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DOI：
10.1037//0022-3514.81.5.922
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发表时间：
2001-11-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Nisbett, RE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Masuda, T;Nisbett, RE
许多研究表明，东亚人比美国人更倾向于根据背景来解释事件。作者调查了东亚人是否也比美国人更关注环境。在研究1中，日本人和美国人观看了水下场景的动画片段并报告了内容。在随后的识别测试中，研究人员向他们展示了以前见过的物体和新物体，无论是在原来的环境中还是在新的环境中，然后要求他们判断是否见过这些物体。研究2使用野生动物的照片重复了识别任务。结果显示，日本人(a)比美国人对语境信息和关系的陈述更多；(b)当他们在原来的环境中看到物体时，比在新的环境中看到物体时，他们对以前看到的物体的识别更准确，而这种操纵对美国人的影响相对较小。
Much research indicates that East Asians, more than Americans, explain events with reference to the context. The authors examined whether East Asians also attend to the context more than Americans do. In Study 1, Japanese and Americans watched animated vignettes of underwater scenes and reported the contents. In a subsequent recognition test, they were shown previously seen objects as well as new objects, either in their original setting or in novel settings, and then were asked to judge whether they had seen the objects. Study 2 replicated the recognition task using photographs of wildlife. The results showed that the Japanese (a) made more statements about contextual information and relationships than Americans did and (b) recognized previously seen objects more accurately when they saw them in their original settings rather than in the novel settings, whereas this manipulation had relatively little effect on Americans.