Cell interactions and regulation of cell type in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Cell interactions and regulation of cell type in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
复制标题
酿酒酵母中的细胞相互作用和细胞类型的调节。
DOI：
10.1146/annurev.mi.37.100183.003203
复制
发表时间：
1983
影响因子：
10.5
通讯作者：
J. Thorner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Sprague;L. Blair;J. Thorner
在分子水平上检查酵母细胞类型的控制以及对交配过程中涉及的细胞间相互作用的生化基础的理解显然正在进入一个极其富有成效和令人兴奋的时期。现在，通过使用克隆的α特异性、α特异性和单倍体特异性基因作为探针，可以使用工具和机会来回答有关真核细胞差异基因表达机制的基本问题。有关真核染色体结构和组织的基本问题可以通过阐明 SIR/MAR 调节因子的特性及其作用模式来解决。此外，克隆的 MAT、HML 和 HMR 区域以及 HO 基因的可用性将为揭示交配型互变过程中发生的 DNA 转座的酶学提供材料。信息素结构基因的分离和阻止信息素产生的突变将为真核细胞如何合成、加工和分泌细胞外激素提供有用的信息。此外，信息素通过环磷酸腺苷作为细胞内“第二信使”的明显作用模式，以及酵母细胞的遗传和生化易处理性，可能允许追踪真核细胞分裂周期的激素调节的整个途径。这些和其他关于酵母细胞发育生物学的研究将为真核细胞发育过程的遗传控制的基本方面提供更重要的见解。
Examination of the control of cell type in yeast at the molecular level and understanding of the biochemical basis of the cell-cell interactions involved in the mating process are clearly entering an extremely productive and exciting period. The tools and opportunities are now available to answer fundamental questions with regard to the mechanism of differential gene expression in eukaryotic cells by using cloned a-specific, alpha-specific, and haploid-specific genes as the probes. Basic questions concerning eukaryotic chromosome structure and organization can be addressed by elucidating the properties of the SIR/MAR regulators and their mode of action. Furthermore, the availability both of cloned MAT, HML, and HMR regions and of the HO gene will provide the material for unravelling the enzymology of the DNA transposition that occurs during mating type interconversion. The isolation of the structural genes for the pheromones and mutations that block pheromone production will provide useful information on how extracellular hormones are synthesized, processed, and secreted by eukaryotic cells. Moreover, the apparent mode of action of the phermonones through cyclic AMP as an intracellular "second messenger," and the genetic and biochemical tractability of yeast cells, may allow tracing of the entire pathway of hormonal regulation of a eukaryotic cell division cycle. These and other studies of the developmental biology of yeast cells will provide more important insights into fundamental aspects of the genetic control of developmental processes in eukaryotic cells.