Neuropeptide Y: History and Overview
Neuropeptide Y: History and Overview
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-642-18764-3_1
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发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. Tatemoto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Tatemoto
神经肽Y(NPY)是一种由36个氨基酸组成的多肽，其结构与多肽YY(PYY)和胰多肽(PP)相似。NPY是已知含量最丰富的神经肽之一，广泛分布于中枢和外周神经系统，而PYY和PP分别主要分布于肠道和胰腺的内分泌细胞。5种NPY受体亚型Y1、Y2、Y4、Y5和Y6介导NPY的作用。NPY参与多种功能的调节，包括摄食、血压、昼夜节律、压力、疼痛、激素分泌、生殖和酒精消费。NPY还与许多疾病的病理生理学有关，如进食障碍、癫痫、高血压、疼痛障碍、抑郁和焦虑。本文对神经肽Y的分离、组织分布、受体亚型、受体激动剂和拮抗剂、生理功能和药理活性等方面的研究进行了简要的历史回顾和综述。
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a 36-amino acid peptide with structural similarities to peptide YY (PYY) and pancreatic polypeptide (PP). NPY, one of the most abundant neuropeptides known, is widely distributed throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems, while PYY and PP are predominantly distributed in the endocrine cells of the intestine and pancreas, respectively. Five NPY receptor subtypes denoted as Y1, Y2, Y4, Y5, and y6mediate the actions of NPY. NPY is involved in the regulation of diverse functions including food intake, blood pressure, circadian rhythms, stress, pain, hormone secretion, reproduction, and alcohol consumption. NPY has also been implicated in the pathophysiology of a number of diseases such as feeding disorders, seizures, hypertension, pain disorders, depression, and anxiety. This review will describe a brief history and an overview of the studies on NPY concerning the isolation, tissue distribution, receptor subtypes, receptor agonists and antagonists, physiological functions, and pharmacological activities.