Health risk assessment of heavy metal exposure to street dust in the zinc smelting district, Northeast of China
Health risk assessment of heavy metal exposure to street dust in the zinc smelting district, Northeast of China
复制标题
东北地区锌冶炼区街道灰尘重金属暴露健康风险评估
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.10.075
复制
发表时间：
2010-01-15
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Liang, Zhongzhu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zheng, Na;Liu, Jingshuang;Liang, Zhongzhu
对葫芦岛市工业区金属冶炼导致的街道灰尘中重金属污染进行了调查。阐明了街道灰尘中汞（Hg）、铅（Pb）、镉（Cd）、锌（Zn）和铜（Cu）的空间分布。同时，估算了儿童和成人因接触街道灰尘而产生的非致癌效应和致癌效应。街道灰尘中汞、铅、镉、锌和铜的最大含量分别为5.212、3903、726.2、79869和1532毫克/千克，分别是土壤背景值的141、181、6724、1257和77.4倍。汞、铅、镉、锌和铜的变化趋势相似，浓度较高的区域趋向于葫芦岛锌厂（HZP）。指数方程对铅、镉、锌和铜含量随距污染源距离的变化拟合得很好，但对汞不适用。金属冶炼产生的大气沉降对街道灰尘的贡献最大，而交通密度对重金属污染的贡献较小。根据危害指数（HI）的计算，在非致癌效应的情况下，葫芦岛市儿童和成人摄入灰尘颗粒似乎是接触街道灰尘导致重金属风险较高的途径，其次是皮肤接触。通过口鼻吸入再悬浮颗粒几乎可以忽略不计。作为接触街道灰尘的第四种途径，吸入汞蒸气是主要的暴露方式。儿童因铅的危害指数大于安全水平（1）以及镉接近1而面临潜在的健康风险。此外，因吸入暴露导致的镉致癌风险较低。（C）2009爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
Heavy metal contamination in the street dust due to metal smelting in the industrial district of Huludao city was investigated. Spatial distribution of Hg, Pb, Cd, Zn and Cu in the street dust was elucidated. Meanwhile, noncancer effect and cancer effect of children and adults due to exposure to the street dust were estimated. The maximum Hg, Pb, Cd, Zn and Cu contents in the street dust are 5.212, 3903, 726.2. 79,869, and 1532 ring kg(-1), and respectively 141, 181, 6724, 1257 and 77.4 times as high as the background values in soil. The trends for Hg, Pb, Cd, Zn and Cu are similar with higher concentrations trending Huludao zinc plant (HZP). The exponential equation fits quite well for the variations of Pb, Cd, Zn and Cu contents with distance from the pollution sources, but not for Hg. The biggest contribution to street dust is atmospheric deposition due to metal smelting, but traffic density makes slight contribution to heavy metal contamination. According to the calculation on Hazard Index (HI), in the case of noncancer effect, the ingestion of dust particles of children and adults in Huludao city appears to be the route of exposure to street dust that results in a higher risk for heavy metals, followed by dermal contact. The inhalation of resuspended particles through the mouth and nose is almost negligible. The inhalation of Hg vapour as the fourth exposure pathway to street dust is accounting for the main exposure. Children are experiencing the potential health risk due to HI for Pb larger than safe level (1) and Cd close to 1. Besides, cancer risk of Cd due to inhalation exposure is low. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.