Air pollution and daily mortality in the Coachella Valley, California: A study of PM10 dominated by coarse particles
Air pollution and daily mortality in the Coachella Valley, California: A study of PM10 dominated by coarse particles
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DOI：
10.1006/enrs.1999.3978
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发表时间：
1999-10-01
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
Lipsett, MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ostro, BD;Hurley, S;Lipsett, MJ
许多流行病学研究提供了空气中颗粒物（测量为PM10（直径小于10 μ m的颗粒物））与每日发病率和死亡率之间存在联系的证据。这些研究大部分是在城市地区进行的，在那里PM10主要由细颗粒物（直径2.5 μ m）组成。我们调查了Coachella山谷，一个沙漠度假胜地和退休区东部的洛杉矶，地质来源的粗颗粒通常包括约50-60%的PM10和每日死亡率之间的关联可以超过90%，在风事件。我们的分析利用了1989年至1992年的每日死亡率数据以及几个污染物和气象变量，包括PM10，硝酸盐，硫酸盐，臭氧，二氧化氮，一氧化碳，温度和相对湿度。结果变量包括每日死亡率的几个指标，包括全因、心血管和呼吸系统死亡率，以及50岁以上患者的死亡计数。多变量泊松回归模型用于解释这些健康终点，控制温度，湿度，星期几，季节和时间，使用局部加权平滑技术。分析表明，PM10（2天或3天滞后）与每种死亡率指标之间存在统计学显著相关性。结果是强大的各种模型规格，校正自相关和过度分散，并分析有影响力的意见。PM10日变化10 μ g/m（3）与死亡率增加约1%相关，这与城市地区确定的颗粒相关影响的幅度相似。因此，我们的研究结果为颗粒物质量以粗颗粒为主的地区PM10的死亡率效应提供了证据。(C)北京：科学出版社.
Many epidemiological studies provide evidence of an association between airborne particles, measured as PM10 (particulate matter less than 10 mu m in diameter), and daily morbidity and mortality. Most of these studies have been conducted in urban areas where PM10 consists primarily of fine particles (2.5 mu m in diameter). We investigated associations between PM10 and daily mortality in the Coachella Valley, a desert resort and retirement area east of Los Angeles, where coarse particles of geologic origin typically comprise approximately 50-60% of PM10 and can exceed 90% during wind events. Our analysis utilized daily data on mortality from 1989 through 1992 as well as several pollutant and meteorological variables, including PM10, nitrates, sulfates, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, temperature, and relative humidity. Outcome variables included several measures of daily mortality including all-cause, cardiovascular and respiratory mortality, and counts of deaths for those above age 50. Multivariate Poisson regression models were used to explain these health endpoints, controlling for temperature, humidity, day of the week, season, and time, using locally weighted smoothing techniques. The analysis indicated statistically significant associations between PM10 (2- or 3-day lags) and each measure of mortality. The results were robust to various model specifications, correction for autocorrelation and overdispersion, and analysis of influential observations. A 10 mu g/m(3) change in daily PM10 was associated with an approximately 1% increase in mortality, which is of similar magnitude to particle-associated impacts identified in urban areas. Thus, our findings provide evidence for a mortality effect of PM10 in an area where the particulate mass is dominated by coarse particles. (C) 1999 Academic Press.