Use of stabilized inverse propensity scores as weights to directly estimate relative risk and its confidence intervals.
Use of stabilized inverse propensity scores as weights to directly estimate relative risk and its confidence intervals.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1524-4733.2009.00671.x
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发表时间：
2010-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Smith D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xu S;Ross C;Raebel MA;Shetterly S;Blanchette C;Smith D
在观察性研究中使用了治疗权重的逆概率（IPTW），以减少选择偏倚。为了获得主效应的估计值，通过IPTW对每个受试者进行加权来创建伪数据集，并使用常规回归模型进行分析。目前，方差估计需要额外的工作，这取决于结果的类型。我们的目标是展示一种统计方法，以直接获得回归模型中主效应方差的适当估计。我们进行了理论和模拟研究表明，使用IPTW直接从回归估计的主效应的方差被低估，并且由于伪数据中的膨胀样本大小，I型错误率较高。使用IPTW的稳健方差估计量经常略微高估主效应的方差。我们建议使用稳定的权重直接估计主效应及其方差从传统的回归模型。我们将该方法应用于一项研究，以检查血清钾监测在减少27，355例新处方的肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统（RAAS）抑制剂的糖尿病患者中高钾血症相关不良事件的有效性。使用稳定权重的发生率比（有监测vs无监测）和置信区间为0.46（0.34，0.61），而使用治疗加权的典型逆概率为0.46（0.38，0.55）。我们的理论，模拟结果和真实的数据的例子表明，在伪数据中使用稳定的权重保持了原始数据的样本容量，产生适当的估计的方差的主效应，并保持适当的I类错误率。
Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) has been used in observational studies to reduce selection bias. To obtain estimates of the main effects, a pseudo data set is created by weighting each subject by IPTW and analyzed with conventional regression models. Currently variance estimation requires additional work depending on type of outcomes. Our goal is to demonstrate a statistical approach to directly obtain appropriate estimates of variance of the main effects in regression models. We carried out theoretical and simulation studies to show that the variance of the main effects estimated directly from regressions using IPTW is underestimated, and that the type I error rate is higher due to the inflated sample size in the pseudo data. The robust variance estimator using IPTW often slightly overestimates the variance of the main effects. We propose to use the stabilized weights to directly estimate both the main effect and its variance from conventional regression models. We applied the approach to a study examining the effectiveness of serum potassium monitoring in reducing hyperkalemia-associated adverse events among 27,355 diabetic patients newly-prescribed a renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitor. The incidence rate ratio (with monitoring versus without monitoring) and confidence intervals were 0.46 (0.34, 0.61) using the stabilized weights compared to 0.46 (0.38, 0.55) using typical inverse probability of treatment weighting. Our theoretical, simulation results and real data example demonstrate that the use of the stabilized weights in the pseudo data preserves the sample size of the original data, produces appropriate estimation of the variance of main effect, and maintains an appropriate type I error rate.
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影响因子：
3.7
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影响因子：
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作者：
ROSENBAUM, PR
通讯作者：
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