Market Liberalisation in Post-Apartheid South Africa: The Restructuring of Citrus Exports after 'Deregulation'*
Market Liberalisation in Post-Apartheid South Africa: The Restructuring of Citrus Exports after 'Deregulation'*
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后种族隔离南非的市场自由化：“放松管制”后柑橘出口的重组*
DOI：
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Greenberg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Mather;S. Greenberg
本文研究的是市场自由化对南非柑橘出口业的影响。它回应了该主题缺乏批判性研究的问题：关于农业自由化影响的辩论主要由新古典经济方法主导，这些方法不加批判地赞扬“自由市场”的影响。根据这些研究，（白色）农业已经变得更具竞争力并且对全球市场力量的反应更加灵敏。我们对柑橘出口“放松管制”的分析借鉴了市场的政治经济学方法，并表明自由化的影响要复杂得多。基于对西开普省和东开普省的详细实地研究，我们探讨了监管环境变化对黑人和白人柑橘种植者、新私有化合作社和劳动力的影响。我们的研究结果表明，前合作社在使用过去继承的资源时面临着问题。就种植者而言，能够利用放松管制的种植者和不能利用放松管制的种植者之间的分化越来越大。一部分黑人和白人柑橘种植者发现，在自由化经济中，他们在出口市场方面处于相同的结构地位。放松管制对农场和包装厂的劳动力产生了重大影响，尽管我们认为经济自由化加剧了农业劳动力市场的结构性变化，这种变化已经存在了一段时间。
This paper is about the impact of market liberalisation on South Africa's citrus export industry. It responds to the lack of critical research on this topic: debates on the impact of liberalisation in agriculture are dominated by neo-classical economic approaches, which have uncritically applauded the impact of the 'free market'. According to these studies, (white) agriculture has become more competitive and responsive to global market forces. Our analysis of the 'deregulation' of citrus exports draws on political economy approaches to markets and suggests that the impact of liberalisation is far more complex. Based on detailed field research in the Western and Eastern Cape we explore the impact of changes in the regulatory environment for black and white citrus growers, newly privatised cooperatives, and labour. Our findings suggest that former cooperatives have faced problems in using the resources they inherited from the past. With regard to growers, there is increasing differentiation between those who are able to take advantage of deregulation and those who are not. A proportion of black and white citrus growers find themselves in the same structural position in relation to export markets in a liberalised economy. Deregulation has affected labour on farms and in packhouses in significant ways, although we suggest that the liberalisation of the economy has intensified structural changes in the agricultural labour market that have been present for some time.