Vertebrate scavenger guild composition and utilization of carrion in an East Asian temperate forest
Vertebrate scavenger guild composition and utilization of carrion in an East Asian temperate forest
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DOI：
10.1002/ece3.5976
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发表时间：
2020-01-21
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Koike, Shinsuke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Inagaki, Akino;Allen, Maximilian L.;Koike, Shinsuke
清道是许多物种共同的摄食行为，在生态系统稳定和功能中起着重要作用，同时也提供生态系统服务。尽管它的重要性，兼性清除大型动物尸体一般被忽视，在亚洲温带森林生态系统。本研究的目的是确定兼性清道夫协会的组成和摄食行为，因为它涉及到西卡鹿（Cervus nippon）尸体在日本的森林。没有专门的食腐动物或大型食肉动物杀死成年有蹄类动物，但人类填补了大型食肉动物的作用，扑杀鹿的人口管理。我们记录了9种脊椎动物在鹿尸体上的食腐行为，发现哺乳动物比鸟类更频繁地食腐，而且进食时间也更长。这一结果表明，在我们的森林生态系统中，有一个兼性的清道夫集团主要由哺乳动物组成，鸟类的尸体利用仅限于森林物种。浣熊狗（Nyctereutes procyonoides）和亚洲黑熊（Ursus thibetanus）是最常见的清道夫物种，也比其他清道夫进食时间更长。有亚洲黑熊，日本貂（Martes melampus），山鹰鹰（Nisaetus nipalensis）的清除有显着的季节性差异，这表明其他食物资源的可用性可能会改变每个物种的兼性清除。我们的研究结果支持，清除是广泛的，在这个系统中，可能有重要的功能，包括在食物网中建立联系。
Scavenging is a common feeding behavior by many species that plays an important role in ecosystem stability and function while also providing ecosystem services. Despite its importance, facultative scavenging on large animal carcasses has generally been overlooked in Asian temperate forest ecosystems. The aim of this study was to determine the composition and feeding behavior of the facultative scavenger guild as it relates to sika deer (Cervus nippon) carcasses in Japanese forests. There are no obligate scavengers or large predators that kill adult ungulates, but humans fill the role of large predators by culling deer for population management. We documented nine vertebrate species scavenging on deer carcasses and found that mammals were more frequent scavengers than birds and also fed for longer durations. This result suggests that there is a facultative scavenger guild composed mainly of mammals in our forest ecosystem and that carcass utilization by birds was restricted to only forest species. Raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) and Asian black bears (Ursus thibetanus) were the most frequent scavenger species and also fed for longer durations than other scavengers. There were significant seasonal differences in scavenging by Asian black bear, Japanese marten (Martes melampus), and mountain hawk-eagle (Nisaetus nipalensis), suggesting the availability of other food resources may alter facultative scavenging by each species. Our results support that scavenging is widespread in this system and likely has important functions including building links in the food web.