Mechanisms underlying children's susceptibility to environmental toxicants
Mechanisms underlying children's susceptibility to environmental toxicants
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DOI：
10.2307/3454629
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发表时间：
2000-03-01
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Ponce, RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Faustman, EM;Silbernagel, SM;Ponce, RA
一个重要的公共卫生挑战是必须保护儿童的健康。为了实现这一目标，科学界需要有科学依据的儿童特有风险评估方法。对他们的发展至关重要的是，需要了解儿童对环境毒物敏感的机制。风险被定义为不利后果的概率，当应用于环境风险评估时，通常被定义为毒性和暴露的函数。为了充分评估在发育过程中增加健康风险的可能性，需要考虑影响毒性和接触的儿童特有因素。在这篇文章的第一部分，例如机制的敏感性相关的毒性评估进行了鉴定和讨论。在第二部分中，介绍了有助于确定儿童易感性的暴露因素的例子。华盛顿大学新资助的儿童健康中心的杀虫剂研究的例子将被举出来作为说明。最后一节讨论了把这些考虑到儿童的易感性纳入一个整体框架，以确定人类风险评估的相关性的重要性。
An important public health challenge has been the need to protect children's health. To accomplish this goal, the scientific community needs scientifically based child-specific risk assessment methods. Critical to their development is the need to understand mechanisms underlying children's sensitivity to environmental toxicants. Risk is defined as the probability of adverse outcome and when applied to environmental risk assessment is usually defined as a function of both toxicity and exposure. To adequately evaluate the potential for enhanced health risks during development, both child-specific factors affecting toxicity and exposure need to be considered. In the first section of this article, example mechanisms of susceptibility relevant for toxicity assessment are identified and discussed. In the second section, examples of exposure factors that help define children's susceptibility are presented. Examples of pesticide research from the newly funded Child Health Center at the University of Washington will be given for illustration. The final section discusses the importance of putting these considerations of children's susceptibility into an overall framework for ascertaining relevancy for human risk assessment.