Culturing the oceanic seahorse, Hippocampus kuda
Culturing the oceanic seahorse, Hippocampus kuda
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DOI：
10.1016/s0044-8486(02)00063-7
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发表时间：
2002-11-15
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Hall, HJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Job, SD;Do, HH;Hall, HJ
由于对野生海马数量下降的担忧以及其较高的经济价值和适销性，海马水产养殖受到了广泛关注。海马水产养殖在整合保护和可持续发展目标方面具有巨大潜力，可以为来源国的渔民提供替代生计选择，这些渔民在缺乏捕捞替代方案的情况下继续捕捞日益减少的海马种群。迄今为止，针对印度太平洋来源国开发的热带物种制定的培养方案还很少。我们在这里提供有关海马库达（Hippocampus kuda）养殖的数据，海马是传统药物和海洋水族馆贸易中开发程度较高的物种之一。我们还介绍了一项实验结果，该实验测试了三种当地可用的丰年虫浓缩物对 H. kuda 存活率、性别比例和上市规模（14 周龄）生长的影响。我们的结果表明，H. kuda 从出生到 14 周生长迅速，生长速度为 0.9-1.53 mm day(-1)。不同丰年虫饲养场的上市存活率各不相同，当海马喂食富含来自当地浮游甲壳类动物 Acetes sp. 的乳液时，存活率最高 (73%)；而当海马喂食富含来自当地鱼类的乳液时，存活率最低 (40%)。然而，不同富集程度的增长并没有变化。性别比例与预期的 1:1 比例没有显着差异，丰富程度也没有影响性别比例。海马在上市尺寸时仅存在轻微的性别二态性（雄性海马 3 毫米 > 标准长度的雌性）。 H. kuda 在当地容易获得的卤虫富集物上的快速生长和高存活率对于来源国海马水产养殖的发展是有希望的。 (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. 保留所有权利。
Seahorse aquaculture has received widespread attention due to concerns over declines in wild seahorse populations, and in recognition of their high economic value and marketability. Seahorse aquaculture has great potential to integrate both conservation and sustainable development goals by providing an alternative livelihood option for fishers in source countries who, in the absence of alternatives to fishing, continue to exploit declining seahorse populations. To date, few culturing protocols have been established for tropical species exploited in Indo-Pacific source countries. We here present data on culturing Hippocampus kuda, one of the more heavily exploited species in both traditional medicines and marine aquarium trades. We also present results of an experiment testing the effects of three locally available Artemia enrichments on H. kuda survivorship, sex ratios, and growth to market size (14 weeks of age). Our results indicate that H. kuda grows rapidly from birth to 14 weeks, at a rate of 0.9-1.53 mm day(-1). Survivorship to market size varied among Artemia enrichments and was highest (73%) when seahorses were fed Artemia enriched with an emulsion derived from Acetes sp., a locally available planktonic crustacean, and lowest (40%) when seahorses were fed Artemia enriched with an emulsion derived from local fish. Growth, however, did not vary among enrichments. Sex ratios were not significantly different from the expected ratio of 1:1 nor did enrichment affect sex ratio. The seahorses were only marginally sexually dimorphic at market size (males 3 mm > females in standard length). The rapid growth rate and high survival of H. kuda on readily available local Artemia enrichments is promising for the development of seahorse aquaculture in source countries. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.