The contrasting roles of aquatic fungi and oomycetes in the degradation and transformation of polymeric organic matter
The contrasting roles of aquatic fungi and oomycetes in the degradation and transformation of polymeric organic matter
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DOI：
10.1002/lno.11242
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发表时间：
2019-07-16
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Grossart, Hans-Peter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Masigol, Hossein;Khodaparast, Seyed Akbar;Grossart, Hans-Peter
真菌和卵菌在较小程度上的生态作用的研究正受到越来越多的关注，主要是因为它们参与了水生生态系统中有机物的循环。为了揭示它们在腐殖化过程中的重要性，我们从伊朗Anzali泻湖分离出了几种真菌和卵菌。然后，我们通过形态学和分子方法进行了分类鉴定，分析了几种聚合物底物的降解能力，使用Ecoplates进行了代谢指纹图谱，并使用液相色谱-有机碳检测确定了腐殖质（HS）的降解。我们的分析强调了水生真菌更好地降解大量有机分子的能力，包括复杂的聚合物。具体来说，我们不仅能够证明这些复杂聚合物的利用，而且还能够证明真菌在HS生产中的作用。相比之下，卵菌，尽管在形态和生理上与水生真菌有一些相似之处，但表现出机会主义倾向，迅速受益于小有机分子的可用性，同时对更复杂的聚合物表现出敏感性。尽管卵菌和真菌的作用截然不同，但我们的研究强调了卵菌和真菌在水生有机物转化和循环中的重要性，并对全球碳循环具有潜在的影响。
Studies on the ecological role of fungi and, to a lesser extent, oomycetes, are receiving increasing attention, mainly due to their participation in the cycling of organic matter in aquatic ecosystems. To unravel their importance in humification processes, we isolated several strains of fungi and oomycetes from Anzali lagoon, Iran. We then performed taxonomic characterization by morphological and molecular methods, analyzed the ability to degrade several polymeric substrates, performed metabolic fingerprinting with Ecoplates, and determined the degradation of humic substances (HS) using liquid chromatography-organic carbon detection. Our analyses highlighted the capacity of aquatic fungi to better degrade a plethora of organic molecules, including complex polymers. Specifically, we were able to demonstrate not only the utilization of these complex polymers, but also the role of fungi in the production of HS. In contrast, oomycetes, despite some morphological and physiological similarities with aquatic fungi, exhibited a propensity toward opportunism, quickly benefitting from the availability of small organic molecules, while exhibiting sensitivity toward more complex polymers. Despite their contrasting roles, our study highlights the importance of both oomycetes and fungi in aquatic organic matter transformation and cycling with potential implications for the global carbon cycle.