The Prototypical Majority Effect Under Social Influence
The Prototypical Majority Effect Under Social Influence
复制标题
社会影响下的典型多数效应
DOI：
10.1177/0146167217744527
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Norbert Schwarz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Koriat;Shiri Adiv;M. Undorf;Norbert Schwarz
多数人的意见比少数人的意见更有信心和流畅，差异随着多数人的规模而增加。这种原型多数效应（Prototypical Majority Effect，PME）通常被归因于从众压力，但Koriat等人表明，它可以产生于独立于社会影响的决策和信心的过程。在这里，我们研究了PME的条件下，不同的社会影响。在实验1中，一个强大的PME出现在缺乏信息的多数意见，但提供sof该信息增加了多数意见的选择和放大的PME。在实验2中，PME出现在少数偏向的条件下，误导参与者相信多数人的观点是少数人的观点，但PME在多数偏向的条件下更强。结果进行了讨论的双过程的观点：在社会影响下观察到的PME可能包含外部驱动和内部驱动的组件。
Majority views are reported with greater confidence and fluency than minority views, with the difference increasing with majority size. This Prototypical Majority Effect (PME) was attributed generally to conformity pressure, but Koriat et al. showed that it can arise from the processes underlying decision and confidence independent of social influence. Here we examined the PME under conditions that differ in social influence. In Experiment 1, a robust PME emerged in the absence of information about the majority views, but the provision sof that information increased the choice of the majority view and magnified the PME. In Experiment 2, a PME emerged in a minority-biased condition that misled participants to believe that the majority view was the minority view, but the PME was stronger in a majority-biased condition. The results were discussed in terms of a dual-process view: The PME observed under social influence may contain externally driven and internally driven components.