Prenatal exposure to maternal depression and cortisol influences infant temperament
Prenatal exposure to maternal depression and cortisol influences infant temperament
复制标题
DOI：
10.1097/chi.0b013e318047b775
复制
发表时间：
2007-06-01
影响因子：
13.3
通讯作者：
Sandman, Curt A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davis, Elysia Poggi;Glynn, Laura M.;Sandman, Curt A.
背景：越来越多的证据表明，产前的母婴过程可以对婴幼儿的发育产生持久的影响。动物模型的结果表明，产前暴露于母体应激和应激激素会对后代的发育产生持久的影响。很少有关于人类怀孕的前瞻性研究考察了产前暴露于应激和应激激素的后果。方法：对247例足月新生儿进行产前心理社会(焦虑、抑郁、感知压力)和内分泌(皮质醇)应激指标对婴儿气质的影响。在妊娠18~20周、24~26周、30~32周和产后2个月分别对孕妇唾液皮质醇和心理状态进行评估。在婴儿出生2个月时，采用消极反应性(婴儿气质问卷中的恐惧分量表)对婴儿气质进行评估。结果：在妊娠30-32周，母亲皮质醇升高，但在怀孕早期，与母亲对婴儿阴性反应的更多报告显著相关。产前母亲的焦虑和抑郁还可以预测婴儿的气质。在控制了产后母亲的心理状态后，母亲皮质醇和母亲抑郁之间的关联仍然存在。结论：这些数据表明，产前暴露于母体应激对婴儿气质的发展有影响。
Background: Accumulating evidence indicates that prenatal maternal and fetal processes can have a lasting influence on infant and child development. Results from animal models indicate that prenatal exposure to maternal stress and stress hormones has lasting consequences for development of the offspring. Few prospective studies of human pregnancy have examined the consequences of prenatal exposure to stress and stress hormones. Method: In this study the effects of prenatal maternal psychosocial (anxiety, depression, and perceived stress) and endocrine (cortisol) indicators of stress on infant temperament were examined in a sample of 247 full-term infants. Maternal salivary cortisol and psychological state were evaluated at 18-20, 24-26, and 30-32 weeks of gestation and at 2 months postpartum. Infant temperament was assessed with a measure of negative reactivity (the fear subscale of the Infant Temperament Questionnaire) at 2 months of age. Results: Elevated maternal cortisol at 30-32 weeks of gestation, but not earlier in pregnancy, was significantly associated with greater maternal report of infant negative reactivity. Prenatal maternal anxiety and depression additionally predicted infant temperament. The associations between maternal cortisol and maternal depression remained after controlling for postnatal maternal psychological state. Conclusions: These data suggest that prenatal exposure to maternal stress has consequences for the development of infant temperament.