Concurrent development of facial identity and expression discrimination.
Concurrent development of facial identity and expression discrimination.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0179458
复制
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Gobbini MI
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dalrymple KA;Visconti di Oleggio Castello M;Elison JT;Gobbini MI
面部识别和面部表情处理似乎都遵循一个漫长的发展轨迹，但这些轨迹都是独立研究的，没有直接比较。在这里，我们使用匹配的身份和表达歧视任务来研究这些过程是否以相同或不同的速度发展。Identity任务从一个目标面开始，它是两个身份（Identity a /Identity B）之间的变形。在短暂的延迟之后，目标脸被两个选择脸所取代：100%身份a和100%身份b。5-12岁的孩子被要求选择与目标身份最相似的选择脸。表情任务在格式和难度上与身份任务相匹配，除了目标是两个表情之间的变形（愤怒/高兴，或厌恶/惊讶）。这些孩子被要求选择表情与目标表情最相似的面孔。年龄有显著的影响，随着年龄的增长，两项任务的表现都有所提高（变得更准确、更快）。准确率和反应时间在不同任务之间没有显著差异，年龄和任务之间也没有显著的交互作用。因此，面部识别和面部表情辨别似乎以相似的速度发展，从5岁到12岁，在这两项任务上的进步相当。因为我们的任务在格式和难度上都非常接近，它们可能对测试特殊人群的面部识别和面部表情处理有用，比如自闭症或面孔失认症，在这些人群中，其中一项能力可能会受损。
Facial identity and facial expression processing both appear to follow a protracted developmental trajectory, yet these trajectories have been studied independently and have not been directly compared. Here we investigated whether these processes develop at the same or different rates using matched identity and expression discrimination tasks. The Identity task begins with a target face that is a morph between two identities (Identity A/Identity B). After a brief delay, the target face is replaced by two choice faces: 100% Identity A and 100% Identity B. Children 5-12-years-old were asked to pick the choice face that is most similar to the target identity. The Expression task is matched in format and difficulty to the Identity task, except the targets are morphs between two expressions (Angry/Happy, or Disgust/Surprise). The same children were asked to pick the choice face with the expression that is most similar to the target expression. There were significant effects of age, with performance improving (becoming more accurate and faster) on both tasks with increasing age. Accuracy and reaction times were not significantly different across tasks and there was no significant Age x Task interaction. Thus, facial identity and facial expression discrimination appear to develop at a similar rate, with comparable improvement on both tasks from age five to twelve. Because our tasks are so closely matched in format and difficulty, they may prove useful for testing face identity and face expression processing in special populations, such as autism or prosopagnosia, where one of these abilities might be impaired.