New Permian fauna from tropical Gondwana.
New Permian fauna from tropical Gondwana.
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DOI：
10.1038/ncomms9676
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发表时间：
2015-11-05
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Sadleir RW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cisneros JC;Marsicano C;Angielczyk KD;Smith RM;Richter M;Fröbisch J;Kammerer CF;Sadleir RW
陆地脊椎动物在大约2.7亿年前的中二叠世(瓜达卢皮亚)首次被发现在高纬度地区定居，之后是宾夕法尼亚冈德瓦南大陆冰川。然而，尽管在这些地区进行了150多年的研究，这些丰富的陆生脊椎动物群落的生物地理起源仍然不清楚。本文报道了南美洲热带西冈瓦那地区早二叠世陆相四足动物的新发现，揭示了四足动物的分布模式。巴西东北部拥有一个广泛的湖泊系统，居住着一个独特的苔藓两栖动物和爬行动物群落，大大扩大了关键亚群的已知时间和地理范围。我们的发现表明，在晚二叠世和三叠纪温带群落中常见的四足类群，早在二叠纪(西苏拉纪)就已经存在于热带冈瓦那。这一新的动物群构成了一个具有北美亲缘关系的新的生物地理省，并清楚地表明，四足动物在二叠纪初就已经在向冈瓦那扩散。高纬度地区二叠纪陆生脊椎动物的生物地理起源仍然知之甚少。在这里，作者报道了南美洲热带西冈瓦那早二叠世大陆四足动物群，构成了一个与北美有亲缘关系的新的生物地理省。
Terrestrial vertebrates are first known to colonize high-latitude regions during the middle Permian (Guadalupian) about 270 million years ago, following the Pennsylvanian Gondwanan continental glaciation. However, despite over 150 years of study in these areas, the biogeographic origins of these rich communities of land-dwelling vertebrates remain obscure. Here we report on a new early Permian continental tetrapod fauna from South America in tropical Western Gondwana that sheds new light on patterns of tetrapod distribution. Northeastern Brazil hosted an extensive lacustrine system inhabited by a unique community of temnospondyl amphibians and reptiles that considerably expand the known temporal and geographic ranges of key subgroups. Our findings demonstrate that tetrapod groups common in later Permian and Triassic temperate communities were already present in tropical Gondwana by the early Permian (Cisuralian). This new fauna constitutes a new biogeographic province with North American affinities and clearly demonstrates that tetrapod dispersal into Gondwana was already underway at the beginning of the Permian. The biogeographic origins of Permian terrestrial vertebrates in high-latitude regions remain poorly understood. Here, the authors report an early Permian continental tetrapod fauna from South America in tropical Western Gondwana that constitutes a new biogeographic province with North American affinities.