The velocity description of deformation. paper 1: theory
The velocity description of deformation. paper 1: theory
复制标题
变形的速度描述。
DOI：
10.1016/0264-8172(95)92836-l
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发表时间：
1995
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
S. Hardy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Waltham;S. Hardy
用速度来描述由伸展、压缩、均衡和其他过程引起的地壳和岩石圈的变形有几个优点。(1)方法很一般。任何变形类型都可以用这种方式来描述。简单的例子有：纯剪切、倾斜或垂直简单剪切、体旋转；空气或弯曲均衡和压实。(2)速度场可以组合起来模拟更复杂的变形。(3)一旦确定变形速度，温度、压力、烃成熟度和孔隙度等参数的同构造演化就容易建模。(4)沉积构型的同构造演化可以用包含变形速度的一般构造-沉积正演方程来模拟。这些优点通过一个计算机模型得到说明，该模型模拟了碎屑沉积物向一个活动的半地堑推进，该半地堑是由一个盘状断层上的伸展形成的。该模型包括沉积物压实作用、倾斜单剪切上盘变形和下盘同步变形等过程。为避免空间问题，非刚性下盘上方上盘块体的速度场必须服从简单接触条件。
There are several advantages in using velocities to describe the deformation of the crust and lithosphere induced by extension, compression, isostasy and other processes. (1) The method is very general. Any deformation style can be described in this way. Simple examples are: pure shear, inclined or vertical simple shear, bulk rotation; Airy or flexural isostasy and compaction. (2) Velocity fields can be combined to model more complex deformation. (3) The syn-tectonic evolution of parameters such as temperature, pressure, hydrocarbon maturity and porosity are easily modelled once the deformation velocities are specified. (4) The syn-tectonic evolution of sedimentary architectures can be modelled using a general tectono-sedimentary forward modelling equation which incorporates the deformation velocities. These advantages are illustrated by a computer model which simulates clastic sediments prograding into an active half-graben formed by extension above a listric fault. Processes included in this model are compaction of the sediments, hanging wall deformation by inclined simple shear and simultaneous footwall deformation. To avoid space problems, the velocity field for the hanging wall block above the non-rigid footwall must obey a simple contact condition.