Human and animal sentinels for shared health risks.
Human and animal sentinels for shared health risks.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. Rabinowitz;M. Scotch;L. Conti
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Rabinowitz;M. Scotch;L. Conti
跟踪人类哨点卫生事件，以便发现和管理更大人群面临的疾病风险，是一项广泛接受的技术，适用于流感、职业条件和新出现的传染病。同样，动物卫生专业人员定期跟踪哨点动物群落和哨点畜群的疾病事件。利用动物作为人类健康威胁的哨兵，或人类作为动物疾病风险的哨兵，至少可以追溯到矿工将笼子里的金丝雀带入矿井以提供有毒气体早期预警的时代。然而，将动物和人类健康信息联系起来，就这种来自环境危害的“共同风险”发出警告的全部潜力尚未实现。原因似乎包括人类和动物卫生界的专业隔离，人类和动物监测数据的分离，以及人类和动物对环境健康危害的反应之间联系的证据差距。“同一个健康”倡议和在应对大流行病威胁方面日益加强的国际合作，加上信息学和基因组学领域的发展，有望更好地分享关于前哨事件的知识，以便发现和减少物种之间共有的环境健康威胁。
The tracking of sentinel health events in humans in order to detect and manage disease risks facing a larger population is a well accepted technique applied to influenza, occupational conditions, and emerging infectious diseases. Similarly, animal health professionals routinely track disease events in sentinel animal colonies and sentinel herds. The use of animals as sentinels for human health threats, or of humans as sentinels for animal disease risk, dates back at least to the era when coal miners brought caged canaries into mines to provide early warning of toxic gases. Yet the full potential of linking animal and human health information to provide warning of such "shared risks" from environmental hazards has not been realized. Reasons appear to include the professional segregation of human and animal health communities, the separation of human and animal surveillance data, and evidence gaps in the linkages between human and animal responses to environmental health hazards. The One Health initiative and growing international collaboration in response to pandemic threats, coupled with development the fields of informatics and genomics, hold promise for improved sharing of knowledge about sentinel events in order to detect and reduce environmental health threats shared between species.