Environment in open-top field chambers utilized for air pollution studies
Environment in open-top field chambers utilized for air pollution studies
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用于空气污染研究的开放式现场室环境
DOI：
10.2134/jeq1980.00472425000900040015x
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发表时间：
1980
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
W. Hertzberg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Olszyk;T. Tibbitts;W. Hertzberg
在威斯康星州麦迪逊以北50公里的一块紫花苜蓿田里建立了圆柱形开顶室。设置了带有和不带有活性碳过滤器的试验室。在夏季生长季的不同时间进行了环境测量。发现开顶式暗室的环境与开阔区域略有不同。光强降低了20%，温升高达2/sup 0/C，室内蒸发水损失比开放区域减少了10%。由于两种类型的燃烧室的空气流速和尘埃积聚的差异，过滤和未过滤的燃烧室的环境略有不同。在整个房间里，光强度和蒸发水分损失有一个梯度，但温度或空气速度没有明显的梯度。本研究没有发现污染对紫花苜蓿造成伤害的证据。箱内环境的变化被证明会导致植物生长的差异，这可能会导致箱内植物对污染的敏感性发生变化。然而，据推测，这种改变的植物生长可能不会导致敏感度在更多的生长季节或不同年份的不同时间持续增加或降低。因此，当利用开顶室来确定作物产量损失时，评估应基于在几个不同的生长期进行的研究。
Cylindrical open-top chambers were established in an alfalfa field (Medicago sativa L.) 50 km north of Madison, Wis. Chambers were set up with and without activated charcoal filters. Environmental measurements were made at different times during the summer growing season. The environment of open-top chambers was found to differ somewhat from open areas. Light intensity was as much as 20% lower, temperature increases as great as 2/sup 0/C were measured, and evaporative water loss was 10% less in the chambers than open areas. The filtered and nonfiltered chambers had slightly different environments as a result of variations in air flow rates and dust accumulation in the plenums of the two types of chambers. Across the chambers, there was a gradient in light intensity and evaporative water loss, but no significant gradient in temperature or air velocity. There was no evidence of pollution injury to alfalfa in this study. The environmental changes in chambers were shown to cause differences in plant growth which likely caused changes in pollution sensitivity of plants within the chambers. However, it is postulated that this altered plant growth would likely not result in either a consistent increase or decrease in sensitivity at different times during themore » growing season or in different years. Thus, when open-top chambers are utilized for the determination of crop yield losses, assessments should be based on studies conducted over several different growing periods.« less