Alcohol outlet density and violence: a geospatial analysis.

Alcohol outlet density and violence: a geospatial analysis.
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酒精出口密度和暴力：地理空间分析。

DOI：
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
Alcohol and Alcoholism
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
S. Horel
S. Horel
中科院分区：
医学3区
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liqi Zhu;D. Gorman;S. Horel

文献摘要

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旨在 控制邻里社会结构特征及空间自相关误差之影响，探讨酒店密度与暴力犯罪之关系。 设计 本生态研究的样本包括得克萨斯州奥斯汀市的188个普查区和得克萨斯州圣安东尼奥市的263个普查区。有关邻里社会结构，酒精浓度和暴力犯罪的数据收集档案来源，并使用双变量，多变量和地理空间分析进行分析。 结果 使用普通最小二乘分析，邻里社会结构协变量解释了近59%的暴力犯罪率在奥斯汀和接近39%，在圣安东尼奥的变异。在目标和邻近的人口普查区添加酒精出口密度提高了两个模型的解释力。当控制了自相关误差的影响时，目标人口普查区的酒精出口密度仍然是这两个城市暴力犯罪率的重要预测因素。在奥斯汀，邻近人口普查区的酒精出口密度的影响也仍然很大。最终的模型解释了奥斯汀71%的暴力犯罪方差和圣安东尼奥56%的暴力犯罪方差。 结论 研究结果表明，酒精出口密度和暴力之间存在明显的关联，并表明酒精的供应和获取问题是预防社区内酒精相关问题的根本。
AIMS To examine the relationship between alcohol outlet density and violent crime controlling for neighbourhood sociostructural characteristics and the effects of spatially autocorrelated error. DESIGN The sample for this ecologic study comprised 188 census tracts from the City of Austin, Texas and 263 tracts from the City of San Antonio, Texas. Data pertaining to neighbourhood social structure, alcohol density and violent crime were collected from archival sources, and analysed using bivariate, multivariate and geospatial analyses. RESULTS Using ordinary least squares analysis, the neighbourhood sociostructural covariates explained close to 59% of the variability in violent crime rates in Austin and close to 39% in San Antonio. Adding alcohol outlet density in the target and adjacent census tracts improved the explanatory power of both models. Alcohol outlet density in the target census tract remained a significant predictor of violent crime rates in both cities when the effects of autocorrelated error were controlled for. In Austin, the effects of alcohol outlet density in the adjacent census tracts also remained significant. The final model explains 71% of the variance in violent crime in Austin and 56% in San Antonio. CONCLUSIONS The findings show a clear association between alcohol outlet density and violence, and suggest that the issues of alcohol availability and access are fundamental to the prevention of alcohol-related problems within communities.