The Burden of Influenza-Associated Hospitalizations in Oman, January 2008-June 2013
The Burden of Influenza-Associated Hospitalizations in Oman, January 2008-June 2013
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0144186
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发表时间：
2015-12-07
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Talaat, Maha
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Al-Awaidy, Salah;Hamid, Sarah;Talaat, Maha
前言急性呼吸道感染(ARI)，包括流感，是世界范围内发病率和死亡率的主要原因。流感监测为流感控制和疫苗接种政策提供了重要信息。虽然西方国家的流感流行病学有很好的特点，但东地中海地区的流感流行病学数据很少。我们描述了阿曼流感病毒的流行病学。方法使用综合征病例定义和方案，对阿曼四家地区医院的患者进行描述性前瞻性研究，以表征严重急性呼吸道感染(SAI)和流感的负担。符合条件的患者提供人口统计信息以及口咽(OP)和鼻咽(NP)拭子。对样本进行甲型流感和乙型流感检测；用RT-PCR进行甲型流感病毒分型。结果从2008年1月到2013年6月，共有5147例病例登记并进行流感检测。在可获得样本的病例中，有8%的病例检测到流感病毒株。每年的发病率为每10万人0.5至15.4例与流感相关的沙利氏综合症。流感患者的中位年龄为6岁，其中0-2岁的儿童占所有流感相关住院患者的34%。相比之下，非流感sari病例的中位年龄为1岁，儿童0-2岁占sari的59%。与非流感sari病例相比，有慢性病和住院期间使用呼吸机的流感病例比例更高。结论在阿曼，流感病毒与sari相关。阿曼的流感大约遵循北半球的季节性，主要高峰期在10月至12月，次要高峰期在4月左右。流感的负担在儿童和老年人中最大。今后的努力应审查其他潜在风险群体，如孕妇的流感负担，以便为干预措施提供信息，包括有针对性地接种疫苗。
IntroductionAcute respiratory infections (ARI), including influenza, comprise a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Influenza surveillance provides important information to inform policy on influenza control and vaccination. While the epidemiology of influenza has been well characterized in western countries, few data exist on influenza epidemiology in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. We describe the epidemiology of influenza virus in Oman.MethodsUsing syndromic case definitions and protocols, patients from four regional hospitals in Oman were enrolled in a descriptive prospective study to characterize the burden of severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) and influenza. Eligible patients provided demographic information as well as oropharyngeal (OP) and nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs. Specimens were tested for influenza A and influenza B; influenza A viruses were subtyped using RT-PCR.ResultsFrom January 2008 through June 2013, a total of 5,147 cases were enrolled and tested for influenza. Influenza strains were detected in 8% of cases for whom samples were available. Annual incidence rates ranged from 0.5 to 15.4 cases of influenza-associated SARI per 100,000 population. The median age of influenza patients was 6 years with children 0-2 years accounting for 34% of all influenza-associated hospitalizations. By contrast, the median age of non-influenza SARI cases was 1 year with children 0-2 years comprising 59% of SARI. Compared to non-influenza SARI cases, a greater proportion of influenza cases had pre-existing chronic conditions and underwent ventilation during hospitalization.ConclusionsInfluenza virus is associated with a substantial proportion of SARI in Oman. Influenza in Oman approximately follows northern hemisphere seasonality, with major peaks in October to December and a lesser peak around April. The burden of influenza was greatest in children and the elderly. Future efforts should examine the burden of influenza in other potential risk groups such as pregnant women to inform interventions including targeted vaccination.