Muscular and Aerobic Fitness, Working Memory, and Academic Achievement in Children
Muscular and Aerobic Fitness, Working Memory, and Academic Achievement in Children
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DOI：
10.1249/mss.0000000000001132
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发表时间：
2017-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Hillman, Charles H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kao, Shih-Chun;Westfall, Daniel R.;Hillman, Charles H.
目的：本研究探讨了青春期前儿童有氧和肌肉适能与工作记忆和学业成绩的关系。研究方法：79名9- 11岁的儿童完成了一项有氧健身评估，使用分级运动测试;肌肉健身评估包括上身，下身和核心练习;一个连续的n-back任务，以评估工作记忆;和数学和阅读的学业成绩测试。结果如下：分层回归分析表明，在控制人口统计学变量（年龄，性别，年级，智商，社会经济地位），有氧健身与更大的反应准确性和d'在2回条件和代数函数的数学性能增加。肌肉健康与增加的反应准确性和d '，以及在2-back条件下更长的反应时间相关。此外，在2-back条件下，肌肉适能与反应准确性和d'的关联独立于有氧适能。结论：目前的研究结果表明，有氧和肌肉方面的身体素质与工作记忆和学业成绩之间的差异关系。大多数研究都集中在有氧健身对儿童健康的益处上，这项研究表明了肌肉健身对青春期前认知健康的重要性。
Purpose: This study investigated the relationship between aerobic and muscular fitness with working memory and academic achievement in preadolescent children. Methods: Seventy-nine 9- to 11-yr-old children completed an aerobic fitness assessment using a graded exercise test; a muscular fitness assessment consisting of upper body, lower body, and core exercises; a serial n-back task to assess working memory; and an academic achievement test of mathematics and reading. Results: Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that after controlling for demographic variables (age, sex, grade, IQ, socioeconomic status), aerobic fitness was associated with greater response accuracy and d' in the 2-back condition and increased mathematic performance in algebraic functions. Muscular fitness was associated with increased response accuracy and d', and longer reaction time in the 2-back condition. Further, the associations of muscular fitness with response accuracy and d' in the 2-back condition were independent of aerobic fitness. Conclusion: The current findings suggest the differential relationships between the aerobic and the muscular aspects of physical fitness with working memory and academic achievement. With the majority of research focusing on childhood health benefits of aerobic fitness, this study suggests the importance of muscular fitness to cognitive health during preadolescence.