Childhood Abuse and Current Health Problems Among Older Adults: The Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy
Childhood Abuse and Current Health Problems Among Older Adults: The Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy
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DOI：
10.1037/a0022977
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发表时间：
2011-04-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Smyth, Katya Fels
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Goodman, Lisa A.;Smyth, Katya Fels
目的：虐待儿童对健康功能和自我概念有负面影响。以前的研究已经在年轻人中获得了对这些关系的支持；然而，很少有研究关注虐待对老年人健康的影响，以及可能影响虐待与健康关系的心理社会变量，特别是自我效能。方法：利用《身体健康与残疾研究》获得的数据，在接受身体残疾状况筛查的老年人(N=1396，平均年龄=67，SD=10.2)中，探讨虐待儿童对当前医疗问题的影响。这项研究是在南佛罗里达州进行的，使用了代表该地区普通人群的多民族样本。结果：虐待儿童与当前的医疗问题和残疾的数量有关。虐待儿童也与较低的自我效能感有关，自我效能感解释了虐待与健康问题数量之间的关系。结论：虐待儿童对老年人的健康和自我概念有深远的影响。卫生保健提供者和老年学家需要认识到，虐待儿童是导致残疾增加和特定健康问题的终身风险因素，特别是在老年人中。未来的研究应该检查旨在提高自我效能的治疗方法，特别是在那些经历过虐待儿童的人中，并观察对健康功能的任何积极影响。
Objectives: Child abuse has negative consequences on health functioning and the self-concept. Prior studies have garnered support for these relationships in younger adults; yet few studies have looked at the effects of abuse on health in older adults and the psychosocial variables, specifically self-efficacy, that may influence the abuse-health relationship. Methods: Data obtained from the Physical Health and Disability Study were used to explore the impact of child abuse on current medical problems among older adults who were screened on physical disability status (N = 1396, Mean age = 67, SD = 10.2). The study was conducted in South Florida and used a multiethnic sample that is representative of the general population in this area. Results: Child abuse was associated with the number of current medical problems and disability. Child abuse was also related to lower self-efficacy, and self-efficacy explained the relationship between abuse and the number of health problems. Conclusions: There are far-reaching effects of child abuse on older adults' health and self-concept. Health care providers and gerontologists need to be aware that child abuse is a lifelong risk factor for increased disability and specific health problems, especially among the elderly. Future research should examine treatments designed to increase self-efficacy, especially among those who experienced child abuse, and observe any positive effects on health functioning.