When Daily Planning Improves Employee Performance: The Importance of Planning Type, Engagement, and Interruptions
When Daily Planning Improves Employee Performance: The Importance of Planning Type, Engagement, and Interruptions
复制标题
DOI：
10.1037/apl0000278
复制
发表时间：
2018-03-01
影响因子：
9.9
通讯作者：
DeVoe, Sanford E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Parke, Michael R.;Weinhardt, Justin M.;DeVoe, Sanford E.
为特定的工作日做计划是否有助于员工比其他没有计划的日子表现得更好？我们通过确定两种不同类型的日常工作计划来研究这个问题，以解释为什么以及何时计划可以提高员工的日常绩效。第一种类型是时间管理计划（TMP）-创建任务列表，优先考虑任务，并确定如何以及何时执行它们。我们建议TMP通过增加员工的工作投入来提高员工的绩效，但是当员工在一天中面临许多中断时，这些积极的影响就会减弱。第二种类型是应急计划（CP），员工可以预见工作中可能出现的中断，并为此做出计划。我们建议CP帮助员工保持专注，并在频繁中断的情况下表现良好。我们调查这些假设使用2周的经验抽样研究。我们的研究结果表明，TMP的积极影响是有条件的中断量，但CP有积极的影响，不受中断的水平。通过这项研究，我们可以帮助员工了解他们可以使用的不同规划方法，以提高他们在动态工作环境中的日常动力和表现。
Does planning for a particular workday help employees perform better than on other days they fail to plan? We investigate this question by identifying 2 distinct types of daily work planning to explain why and when planning improves employees' daily performance. The first type is time management planning (TMP)-creating task lists, prioritizing tasks, and determining how and when to perform them. We propose that TMP enhances employees' performance by increasing their work engagement, but that these positive effects are weakened when employees face many interruptions in their day. The second type is contingent planning (CP) in which employees anticipate possible interruptions in their work and plan for them. We propose that CP helps employees stay engaged and perform well despite frequent interruptions. We investigate these hypotheses using a 2-week experience-sampling study. Our findings indicate that TMP's positive effects are conditioned upon the amount of interruptions, but CP has positive effects that are not influenced by the level of interruptions. Through this study, we help inform workers of the different planning methods they can use to increase their daily motivation and performance in dynamic work environments.