Algebraic charge liquids
Algebraic charge liquids
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代数电荷液体
DOI：
10.1038/nphys790
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
19.6
通讯作者：
T. Senthil
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Kaul;Yong Baek Kim;S. Sachdev;T. Senthil
改变电子自旋为反铁磁有序的绝缘体的电子密度，铜氧化物化合物中出现高温超导电性。超导体的一个关键特征是，只有当电子的动量取四个特定值(“结点”)中的一个时，才能在零能量下从超导体中提取电子。一个中心谜团是反铁磁体和超导体之间的零能电子在金属状态下的演化，最近的实验得出了明显相互矛盾的结果。这种金属的电阻随磁场2、3的振荡表明，零能电子携带的动量位于椭圆形的“费米口袋”上，而由高强度光喷射的电子则表明，零能电子只在弧形区域4、5或“费米弧”上有动量。我们提出了一种新的物质状态的理论，我们称之为‘代数电荷液体’，它是在反铁磁体和超导体之间自然产生的，并与这些观察结果相一致。我们的理论还解释了超导电子密度与总电子密度之间令人费解的依赖关系，并为未来的实验做出了一些独特的预测。
High-temperature superconductivity emerges in the copper oxide compounds on changing the electron density of an insulator in which the electron spins are antiferromagnetically ordered. A key characteristic of the superconductor1 is that electrons can be extracted from it at zero energy only if their momenta take one of four specific values (the ‘nodal points’). A central enigma has been the evolution of those zero-energy electrons in the metallic state between the antiferromagnet and the superconductor, and recent experiments yield apparently contradictory results. The oscillation of the resistance in this metal as a function of magnetic field2,3 indicates that the zero-energy electrons carry momenta that lie on elliptical ‘Fermi pockets’, whereas ejection of electrons by high-intensity light indicates that the zero-energy electrons have momenta only along arc-like regions4,5, or ‘Fermi arcs’. We present a theory of new states of matter, which we call ‘algebraic charge liquids’, and which arise naturally between the antiferromagnet and the superconductor, and reconcile these observations. Our theory also explains a puzzling dependence of the density of superconducting electrons on the total electron density, and makes a number of unique predictions for future experiments.