Increased potassium intake from fruit and vegetables or supplements does not lower blood pressure or improve vascular function in UK men and women with early hypertension: a randomised controlled trial
Increased potassium intake from fruit and vegetables or supplements does not lower blood pressure or improve vascular function in UK men and women with early hypertension: a randomised controlled trial
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DOI：
10.1017/s0007114510002904
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发表时间：
2010-12-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Sanders, Thomas A. B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Berry, Sarah E.;Mulla, Umme Z.;Sanders, Thomas A. B.
富含钾的水果和蔬菜可以降低血压，改善血管功能。一项具有交叉设计的随机对照试验（ISRCTN50011192）在早期高血压（舒张压bbb80和< 100 mmHg，未接受降血压药物）的自由生活参与者中进行，以验证这一假设。在3周的对照饮食适应期后，每个受试者使用拉丁方设计完成4个为期6周的饮食干预（对照+安慰剂胶囊，从水果和蔬菜中额外摄入20或40 mmol K+/d或40 mmol柠檬酸钾胶囊/d），治疗期之间的洗脱期为>= 5周。在57名随机受试者中，23名男性和25名女性参与者完成了研究；食物摄入记录和尿K+排泄增加证实了干预的依从性；血脂、维生素C、叶酸和同型半胱氨酸浓度、尿钠排泄量和体重保持不变。在对照组饮食中，平均动态24小时收缩压/舒张压为132.3 (SD 12.0)/81.9 (SD 7.9) mmHg，与对照组相比，提供20和40 mmol K+/d的水果和蔬菜饮食的变化（Bonferroni's校正95% CI）分别为0.8(-3.5,5.3)/0.8（-1.9,3.5）和1.7(-3.0,5.3)/1.5(-1.5,4.4)，而补充40 mmol柠檬酸钾的饮食的变化为1.8 (-2.1,5.8)/1.4 (-1.6,4.4)mmHg，无统计学意义。两种饮食之间的动脉硬度、内皮功能、尿和血浆异前列腺素和c反应蛋白（CRP）浓度没有显著差异。目前的研究没有提供任何证据来支持在早期高血压患者中增加钾摄入量的饮食建议。
K-rich fruit and vegetables may lower blood pressure (BP) and improve vascular function. A randomised controlled trial (ISRCTN50011192) with a cross-over design was conducted in free-living participants with early stages of hypertension (diastolic BP > 80 and < 100 mmHg, not receiving BP-lowering medication) to test this hypothesis. Following a 3-week run-in period on a control diet, each subject completed four dietary 6-week dietary interventions (control + placebo capsules, an additional 20 or 40 mmol K+/d from fruit and vegetables or 40 mmol potassium citrate capsules/d) using a Latin square design with a washout period >= 5 weeks between the treatment periods. Out of fifty-seven subjects who were randomised, twenty-three male and twenty-five female participants completed the study; compliance to the intervention was corroborated by food intake records and increased urinary K+ excretion; plasma lipids, vitamin C, folate and homocysteine concentrations, urinary Na excretion, and body weight remained were unchanged. On the control diet, mean ambulatory 24 h systolic/diastolic BP were 132.3 (SD 12.0)/81.9 (SD 7.9) mmHg, and changes (Bonferroni's adjusted 95% CI) compared with the control on the diets providing 20 and 40 mmol K+/d as fruit and vegetables were 0.8 (-3.5, 5.3)/0.8 (-1.9, 3.5) and 1.7 (-3.0, 5.3)/1.5 (-1.5, 4.4), respectively, and were 1.8 (-2.1, 5.8)/1.4 (-1.6, 4.4) mmHg on the 40 mmol potassium citrate supplement, and were not statistically significant. Arterial stiffness, endothelial function, and urinary and plasma isoprostane and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations did not differ significantly between the diets. The present study provides no evidence to support dietary advice to increase K intake above usual UK intakes in the subjects with early stages of hypertension.