Emission of greenhouse gases during composting of deep litter from pig production – effect of straw content
Emission of greenhouse gases during composting of deep litter from pig production – effect of straw content
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DOI：
10.1017/s0021859699007625
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发表时间：
2000-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Sommer;H. Møller
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Sommer;H. Møller
在丹麦的人为温室气体排放中，动物粪便估计贡献了40%的甲烷（CH4）和20%的氧化亚氮（N2O）。为了提高动物福利，畜牧生产系统发生了变化，这类变化通常包括增加垫料粪便的量。对猪的厚垫料堆肥过程中温室气体的排放进行了为期4个月的研究。研究中包括了增加厚垫料中稻草用量（降低垫料密度）的影响。在堆肥的高温阶段，高密度堆体中心以高速率产生甲烷，并且甲烷排放仅在这个阶段被检测到。在这种处理方式下，氧化亚氮在堆肥初期以及温度降至45°C以下后，也在堆体中心产生。氧化亚氮的排放仅在低温阶段显著。在堆肥的高温阶段，氧化亚氮的产生可能局限于表层。堆体容重分别为0.44千克/升和0.23千克/升时，二氧化碳（CO2）的总排放量分别为每吨鲜重7.37千克碳和0.09千克碳。高密度堆肥堆的甲烷排放量为每吨191克碳，氧化亚氮排放量为每吨58克氮。低密度堆未检测到甲烷和氧化亚氮排放。通过将气候作用力效率与累积气体排放量相乘，计算出高密度堆肥堆气体排放的温室效应。该计算表明，甲烷对全球变暖潜能的贡献几乎与二氧化碳相当，氧化亚氮的贡献是二氧化碳的两倍。
Of the anthropogenic greenhouse gas emission in Denmark animal manure contributes an estimated 40% of methane (CH4) and 20% of nitrous oxide (N2O). Livestock production systems undergo changes for the purpose of increasing animal welfare, and such changes often include increasing the amounts of bedding manure. Emission of greenhouse gases from composting pig deep litter was studied during a 4-month period. Effects of increasing the amount of straw used in deep litter (reducing litter density) were included in the study. Methane was produced at a high rate in the centre of the heap at high density during the thermophilic phase of composting, and CH4 emission was only measured during this phase. In this treatment N2O was also produced in the centre both initially and after the temperature of the compost had dropped to below 45 °C. Emissions of N2O were only significant in the low temperature phases. Production of N2O was probably restricted to the surface layers during the thermophilic phase of composting. Total carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions were 7·37 and 0·09 kg C/t fresh weight from the heaps with bulk densities of 0·44 and 0·23 kg/l, respectively. Methane emission from the high density compost heap was 191 g C/t and N2O emission was 58 g N/t. Emissions of CH4 and N2O from the low density heap were not detected. The greenhouse effect of gas emission from the high density compost heap was calculated by multiplying the climate force efficiencies and the cumulated gas emission. This calculation showed that CH4 contributes almost as much to the global warming potential as CO2, and N2O contributed twice as much as CO2.