Ranking the ecological effects of coastal armoring on mobile macroinvertebrates across intertidal zones on sandy beaches
Ranking the ecological effects of coastal armoring on mobile macroinvertebrates across intertidal zones on sandy beaches
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142573
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发表时间：
2021-02-10
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Duarte, Cristian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jaramillo, Eduardo;Dugan, Jenifer;Duarte, Cristian
海岸装甲被广泛应用于沿海生态系统，如沙滩，以应对海岸线侵蚀和对基础设施的威胁。由于沿海人口增长和气候变化的影响，装甲的使用预计将增加。需要更多地了解装甲对这些生态系统的影响及其提供的服务，以便进行影响评估和设计这些结构。我们研究了以下假设：1)海岸装甲对海滩大型无脊椎动物的影响从潮间带的下部向上递增；2)海滩剖面上装甲结构的位置影响潮间带的数量，通过对智利和加利福尼亚州装甲和非装甲海滩断面的比较调查。装甲对上潮间带(两足类)和中潮间带物种(环足等足目)的影响大于对下岸动物(河蟹)的影响。我们对海滩剖面上较高和较低的装甲结构(与海浪和潮汐相互作用或不与海浪相互作用)的调查显示，与非相互作用的剖面相比，在海滩剖面上结构较低且与海浪相互作用的剖面中，上层独脚类和中层等足类减少，下层河蟹减少。我们的结果支持装甲对潮间带大型无脊椎动物的影响从沙质海滩的下部到上部逐渐增加的假说，也表明装甲结构在海滩剖面上的相对位置决定了它影响的潮间带的数量。我们的发现还表明，通过改变现有装甲结构在海岸剖面上的位置，增加与海浪和潮汐的相互作用，海平面上升和区域因素，如同震海岸下沉，可能会加剧这些广泛使用的海岸防御结构对沙滩生态系统的影响。(C)2020爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
Coastal armoring is widely applied to coastal ecosystems, such as sandy beaches, in response to shoreline erosion and threats to infrastructure. Use of armoring is expected to increase due to coastal population growth and effects of climate change. An increased understanding of armoring effects on those ecosystems and the services they provide is needed for impact assessments and the design of these structures. We investigated the following hypotheses: 1) impacts of coastal armoring on beach macroinvertebrates increase from lower to upper intertidal zones and 2) location of an armoring structure on beach profiles affects the number of intertidal zones, using comparative surveys of armored and unarmored beach sections in Chile and California. The effects of armoring were greater for upper intertidal (talitrid amphipods) and midintertidal species (cirolanid isopods) than for lower shore fauna (hippid crabs). Our surveys of sections of armoring structures located higher and lower on the beach profile (with and without interactions with waves and tides), showed loss of upper zone talitrid amphipods and mid-zone isopods and a reduction of lower zone hippid crabs in sections where the structures were lower on the beach profile and interacted with waves, compared to non-interacting sections. Our results support the hypothesis that impacts of armoring on intertidal macroinvertebrates increase from the lower to the upper intertidal zones of sandy beaches and also suggest that the relative position of an armoring structure on the beach profile, determines the number of intertidal zones it affects. Our findings also imply that by altering the position of existing armoring structures on the shore profile and increasing the amount of interaction with waves and tides, sea level rise and regional factors, such as coseismic coastal subsidence, can be expected to exacerbate the impacts of these widely used coastal defense structures on sandy beach ecosystems. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.