Role of Id proteins in B lymphocyte activation: new insights from knockout mouse studies
Role of Id proteins in B lymphocyte activation: new insights from knockout mouse studies
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DOI：
10.1007/s00109-004-0562-z
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发表时间：
2004-06
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Sugai;Hiroyuki Gonda;Y. Nambu;Y. Yokota;A. Shimizu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Sugai;Hiroyuki Gonda;Y. Nambu;Y. Yokota;A. Shimizu
分化抑制因子（Id）蛋白在细胞分化、细胞周期调控和细胞凋亡中起重要作用。它们作为碱性螺旋-环-螺旋型转录因子的负调节因子，正调节各种细胞类型的分化。Id蛋白在早期分化阶段阻断B淋巴细胞（B细胞）成熟，如功能获得研究所证实。近年来，已经产生了一系列缺乏不同Id的基因靶向小鼠。对这些基因靶向小鼠的分析为理解Ids在B细胞生物学中的生理作用提供了有用的信息。Id 3是正常B细胞功能所必需的，并通过控制细胞周期发挥作用。在B细胞活化后，Id 2作为负调节剂以防止过度免疫反应所带来的潜在有害作用;其特殊作用之一是维持低血清免疫球蛋白E（IgE）浓度。Id 2蛋白通过拮抗E2 A和Pax 5活性来实现这一点，E2 A和Pax 5活性都是适当的B细胞活化所需的。本文综述了B细胞的分化和活化程序和Id蛋白在B细胞活化中的生理作用的几个新的见解。
Id (inhibitor of differentiation) proteins play important roles in cell differentiation, cell cycle control, and apoptosis. They act as negative regulators of basic helix-loop-helix-type transcription factors, which positively regulate differentiation of various cell types. Id proteins work to block B lymphocyte (B cell) maturation at an early differentiation step, as demonstrated by gain-of-function studies. In recent years a series of gene-targeted mice lacking different Ids have been generated. Analyses of these gene-targeted mice provide information useful for understanding the physiological roles of Ids in B cell biology. Id3 is required for proper B cell functions and acts by controlling the cell cycle. Upon B cell activation, Id2 acts as a negative regulator to prevent potentially harmful effects brought about by excessive immunological reactions; one of its special roles is to maintain low serum concentrations of immunoglobulin E (IgE). The Id2 protein does this by antagonizing E2A and Pax5 activities, both of which are required for proper B cell activation. This review presents several new insights into B cell differentiation and activation programs and the physiological role of Id proteins in B cell activation.