Longitudinal Effects on Mental Health of Moving to Greener and Less Green Urban Areas
Longitudinal Effects on Mental Health of Moving to Greener and Less Green Urban Areas
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DOI：
10.1021/es403688w
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发表时间：
2014-01-21
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Depledge, Michael H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Alcock, Ian;White, Mathew P.;Depledge, Michael H.
尽管越来越多的证据表明城市绿地对公共健康有益，但很少有纵向分析。本研究使用面板数据来探讨三个不同的假设，即随着时间推移，搬到更绿或绿化较少的区域可能如何影响心理健康。样本是英国家庭面板调查中连续五年有心理健康数据（一般健康问卷得分）且在第二年和第三年之间搬迁到不同居民区的参与者（n = 1064；观察次数 = 5320）。固定效应分析控制了个体层面不变的异质性以及其他区域和个体层面的影响。与搬迁前的心理健康得分相比，搬到更绿区域的个体（n = 594）在搬迁后的三年里心理健康状况都显著更好（P = 0.015；P = 0.016；P = 0.008），这支持了“基线变动”假设。搬到绿化较少区域的个体（n = 470）在搬迁前一年心理健康状况显著更差（P = 0.031），但在搬迁后的年份里恢复到基线水平。搬到更绿的城市区域与心理健康的持续改善相关，这表明增加城市绿地的环境政策可能具有可持续的公共健康效益。
Despite growing evidence of public health benefits from urban green space there has been little longitudinal analysis. This study used panel data to explore three different hypotheses about how moving to greener or less green areas may affect mental health over time. The samples were participants in the British Household Panel Survey with mental health data (General Health Questionnaire scores). for five consecutive years, and who relocated to a different residential area between the second and third years (n = 1064; observations = 5320). Fixed-effects analyses controlled for time-invariant individual level heterogeneity and other area and individual level effects. Compared to premove mental health scores, individuals who moved to greener areas (n = 594) had significantly better mental health in all three postmove years (P = .015; P = .016; P = .008), supporting a "shifting baseline" hypothesis. Individuals who moved to less green areas (n = 470) showed significantly worse mental health in the year preceding the move (P = .031) but returned to baseline in the postmove years. Moving to greener urban areas was associated with sustained mental health improvements, suggesting that environmental policies to increase urban green space may have sustainable public health benefits.