Sex steroids and brain structure in pubertal boys and girls
Sex steroids and brain structure in pubertal boys and girls
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DOI：
10.1016/j.psyneuen.2008.09.012
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发表时间：
2009-04-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Pol, Hilleke E. Hulshoff
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Peper, Jiska S.;Brouwer, Rachel M.;Pol, Hilleke E. Hulshoff
性类固醇对大脑结构有重要的组织作用。在生命的早期，它们参与了大脑的性别分化。在青春期，性类固醇水平会显著增加。然而，性类固醇的产生在多大程度上参与了人类青春期大脑结构的发育仍然是未知的。在37名男孩和41名女孩（10-15岁）中评估了青春期睾酮和雌二醇水平升高与大脑结构之间的关系。使用容积MRI测量整体脑体积。区域灰质和白色物质进行了量化与基于体素的形态测定法（VBM），一种技术，测量相对浓度（“密度”）的灰色和白色物质后，个别全球差异的大小和形状的brains.Results已被删除，纠正年龄，全球灰质体积呈负相关，在女孩的雌二醇水平，和睾丸激素水平呈正相关，在男孩。从区域上看，女孩的雌二醇水平较高与前额叶、顶叶和中颞区（年龄校正）的减少有关，与中额回、颞下回和中枕回的增加有关。在男孩中，雌二醇和睾酮水平与区域大脑结构无关，女孩中的睾酮水平也是如此。青春期性类固醇激素水平不能解释区域灰质密度的区域性别差异。男孩明显比女孩年轻，这可能解释了部分结果。总之，在女孩中，随着青春期的进展，灰质发育至少部分与雌二醇水平的增加直接相关，而在男孩中，谁是在青春期较晚的阶段，这种类固醇相关的发展（尚未）被发现。我们认为，在青春期女孩中，在大脑发育的这一重要时期，雌二醇可能与大脑皮层的神经元变化有关。(C)2008爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Sex steroids exert important organizational effects on brain structure. Early in life, they are involved in brain sexual differentiation. During puberty, sex steroid levels increase considerably. However, to which extent sex steroid production is involved in structural brain development during human puberty remains unknown. The relationship between pubertal rises in testosterone and estradiol levels and brain structure was assessed in 37 boys and 41 girls (10-15 years). Global brain volumes were measured using volumetric-MRI. Regional gray and white matter were quantified with voxel-based morphometry (VBM), a technique which measures relative concentrations ('density') of gray and white matter after individual global differences in size and shape of brains have been removed.Results showed that, corrected for age, global gray matter volume was negatively associated with estradiol levels in girls, and positively with testosterone levels in boys. Regionally, a higher estradiol level in girls was associated with decreases within prefrontal, parietal and middle temporal areas (corrected for age), and with increases in middle frontal-, inferior temporal- and middle occipital gyri. In boys, estradiol and testosterone levels were not related to regional brain structures, nor were testosterone levels in girls. Pubertal sex steroid levels could not explain regional sex differences in regional gray matter density. Boys were significantly younger than girls, which may explain part of the results.In conclusion, in girls, with the progression of puberty, gray matter development is at least in part directly associated with increased levels of estradiol, whereas in boys, who are in a less advanced pubertal stage, such steroid-related development could not (yet) be found. We suggest that in pubertal girls, estradiol may be implicated in neuronal changes in the cerebral cortex during this important period of brain development. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.