Understanding the responses of ocean biota to a complex matrix of cumulative anthropogenic change
Understanding the responses of ocean biota to a complex matrix of cumulative anthropogenic change
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DOI：
10.3354/meps10121
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Hutchins, David A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boyd, Philip W.;Hutchins, David A.
海洋状况正在以前所未有的速度发生变化，而这些由生物驱动的变化在未来将加剧。海洋生物群将遇到一个复杂的变化矩阵的同时环境变化，包括温度，pH值/pCO（2），营养物质，光和氧气，这将进一步复杂的并发区域和当地的人为影响，如改变淡水径流制度或生物量收获。我们才刚刚开始了解海洋生物群这些相互作用变化的复杂性。为了了解累积环境压力对生物体适应性和生态系统功能的显著和/或非线性影响，海洋全球变化研究界可以从淡水湖泊或受污染的水生系统的大量现有证据中获益。我们探讨了复杂的环境变化将如何影响生物群从初级生产者在近岸和公海沃茨更高的营养水平，并提出新的方法来解决这一研究领域的艰巨挑战。这一主题部分的生物反应在一个有害生物改变的海洋提出了一套文件，强调了多种因素，将改变主要的生物地球化学和生态框架，并提高认识的复杂性，涉及解开全球，区域和地方的人为变化对海洋食物网的综合影响。
Oceanic conditions are changing at an unprecedented rate, and these anthropogenically driven changes will intensify into the future. The marine biota will encounter a complex shifting matrix of simultaneous environmental changes-including temperature, pH/pCO(2), nutrients, light, and oxygen-which will be further compounded by concurrent regional and local anthropogenic impacts, such as altered freshwater runoff regimes or biomass harvesting. We are only beginning to grasp the complexity of these interactive changes on ocean biota. To understand the pronounced and/or nonlinear effects of cumulative environmental stresses on organismal fitness and ecosystem functioning, the marine global-change research community can profit from the large body of existing evidence from freshwater lakes or polluted aquatic systems. We explore how the complex environmental changes will affect the biota from primary producers to higher trophic levels in both nearshore and open ocean waters, and conclude by proposing new approaches to address the formidable challenges of this research field. This Theme Section on 'Biological responses in an anthropogenically modified ocean' presents a set of papers that highlights the multiplicity of factors that will alter major biogeochemical and ecological frameworks, and raises awareness of the complexities involved in disentangling the combined effects of global, regional and local anthropogenic change on marine food webs.