Structure, dynamics and control of the ciliate fauna in the potamoplankton of the River Rhine
Structure, dynamics and control of the ciliate fauna in the potamoplankton of the River Rhine
复制标题
莱茵河浮游类纤毛虫动物群的结构、动态和控制
DOI：
10.1127/0003-9136/2005/0164-0287
复制
发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
H. Arndt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anja Scherwaß;H. Arndt
1998年11月至2000年1月，对德国科隆莱茵河的浮游纤毛虫丰度和分类组成进行了调查。纤毛虫动物群的组成揭示了浮游藻类中既有典型的底栖生物(漂浮的腹毛)，也有浮游的远洋纤毛虫(寡毛类)。寡毛类纤毛虫在浮游藻类群落中占优势。Peritrichs几乎完全由固着物种代表，在洪水事件期间，随着排水量的增加，似乎从基质中被冲走了。在浮游植物春季水华期间，纤毛虫的数量最多，这表明在此期间纤毛虫受到自下而上的控制，这一观察结果得到了实验室实验的支持。总而言之，莱茵河的纤毛藻浮游藻类群落是由一组季节变化的因素控制的：1)早春和秋季的洪水事件导致从漂流的围栖生物到浮游的寡毛藻的短期演替，2)浮游植物春季水华支持寡毛藻的种群增长，3)低水位和随后的高放牧压力的底栖捕食者(主要是贻贝)减少了纤毛虫的丰度。后者可能是夏季纤毛虫丰度极低的主要原因。
Planktonic ciliate abundance and taxonomic composition were investigated from November 1998 to January 2000 in the River Rhine at Cologne, Germany. The composition of the ciliate fauna revealed the occurrence of both typical benthic (drifting peritrichs) as well as pelagic ciliates (oligotrichs) in the potamoplankton. Oligotrich ciliates prevailed in the potamoplankton community. Peritrichs, represented almost exclusively by sessile species, appeared to be washed out from the substrate at increased water discharge during flood events. Highest abundances of ciliates were registered during the phytoplankton spring bloom, indicating a bottom-up control of ciliates during this time, an observation which was supported by laboratory experiments. In summary, the ciliate potamoplankton community of the River Rhine is controlled by a seasonally varying set of factors: 1) Flood events in early spring and autumn cause a short-term succession from drifting peritrichs to pelagic oligotrichs, 2) the phytoplankton spring bloom supports oligotrich population growth, and 3) the low water level and subsequently high grazing pressure by benthic predators (mainly the mussel Corbicula) reduce the abundance of ciliates. The latter was probably the major reason for the extremely low ciliate abundances observed during summer.