Medial temporal lobe structures are needed to re-experience remote autobiographical memories: evidence from HM and WR
Medial temporal lobe structures are needed to re-experience remote autobiographical memories: evidence from HM and WR
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2005.01.001
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Corkin, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Steinvorth, S;Levine, B;Corkin, S
内侧颞叶（MTL）病变患者逆行性遗忘的性质和程度目前仍有争议。虽然一些研究者提出MTL在情景记忆和语义记忆中的作用暂时有限，但其他人声称MTL结构是一个人一生的情景记忆所必需的，只有语义记忆才独立于MTL。为了解决这个问题，我们测试了两个健忘症患者，H.M.和W.R.，在一系列远程记忆测试中，双侧MTL病变，这些测试共同区分情景记忆和语义记忆表现。值得注意的是，我们使用了一种新的方法来评估自传体记忆，该方法测量了对过去发生的个人事件的重新体验程度。这两名患者表现出相对备用的语义记忆，但严重损害的措施自传体记忆，没有时间梯度。我们的数据支持这样的观点，即MTL结构在回忆特定的个人事件中起着重要作用，不仅是从最近的过去，而且是从遥远的过去。(C)2005爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
The nature and extent of retrograde amnesia in patients with medial temporal lobe (MTL) lesions is currently under debate. While some investigators propose a temporally limited role for the MTL in episodic and semantic memory, others claim that MTL structures are needed for episodic memories of one's entire lifetime, and that only semantic memory becomes independent of the MTL. To address this issue, we tested two amnesic patients, H.M. and W.R., with bilateral MTL lesions on a series of remote memory tests that together distinguished episodic memory from semantic memory performance. Notably, we used a new method to assess autobiographical memory that measured the degree of re-experiencing of personal happenings from the past. Both patients showed relatively spared semantic memory, but severe impairment on measures of autobiographical memory, with no temporal gradient. Our data support the view that MTL structures play a significant role in recalling specific personal episodes, not only from the recent past but from the distant past as well. (C) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.