Otitis Media
Otitis Media
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DOI：
10.1016/j.pcl.2012.12.007
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发表时间：
2013-04-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Pichichero, Michael E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pichichero, Michael E.
急性中耳炎（AOM）的诊断是基于可视化的充分或肿胀的鼓膜与中耳积液。在肺炎球菌结合疫苗接种和抗生素选择压力的影响下，导致AOM的细菌在北美的分布导致产生β-内酰胺酶的流感嗜血杆菌占优势，其次是青霉素耐药的肺炎链球菌。尽管指南继续支持阿莫西林作为首选治疗，但基于目前耳病原体的混合，高剂量阿莫西林/克拉维汀将是首选治疗。抗生素预防作为AOM复发的预防策略已经失宠。
Acute otitis media (AOM) is diagnosed based on visualization of a full or bulging tympanic membrane with middle ear effusion. The distribution of bacteria causing AOM in North America under the influence of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination and antibiotic selection pressure has resulted in a predominance of beta-lactamase producing Haemophilus influenzae followed by penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. Although guidelines continue to endorse amoxicillin as the preferred treatment, amoxicillin/clavulanate in high dosage would be the preferred treatment based on the otopathogen mix currently. Antibiotic prophylaxis has fallen into disfavor as a preventative strategy for AOM recurrences.