The lignol approach to biorefining of woody biomass to produce ethanol and chemicals
The lignol approach to biorefining of woody biomass to produce ethanol and chemicals
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DOI：
10.1385/abab:123:1-3:0871
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发表时间：
2005-03-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Gjennestad, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arato, C;Pye, EK;Gjennestad, G
仅从木质纤维素生产乙醇的方法显示出较差的经济性。这通常通过建造具有令人满意的规模经济的大型设施来克服，从而使融资变得繁重，阻碍了适当技术的开发。Lampel Innovations开发了一种生物精炼技术，该技术采用乙醇基有机溶剂步骤从木质生物质的纤维素部分中分离木质素、半纤维素组分和提取物。所得纤维素级分对酶水解高度敏感，产生非常高的葡萄糖产率（在12-24小时内> 90%），典型的酶负载为10-20 FPU（滤纸单位）/g。通过连续或同时糖化和发酵，这种葡萄糖容易转化为乙醇或可能的其他糖平台化学品。通过完善的单元操作处理来自有机溶剂步骤的液体以回收木质素、糠醛、木糖、乙酸和亲脂性提取物级分。工艺乙醇被回收并再循环回工艺中。由此产生的再循环工艺用水具有非常高的质量、低BOD 5并且适合于整个系统工艺关闭。根据《京都议定书》，在减少温室气体排放方面可以获得重大惠益。来自多种产品的收入，特别是木质素、乙醇和木糖馏分，确保了该工艺的卓越经济性，即使在小至100 mtpd（公吨/天）的干木质生物质输入的工厂中也是如此-这一规模适合于处理由单个大型锯木厂生产的木材残渣。
Processes that produce only ethanol from lignocellulosics display poor economics. This is generally overcome by constructing large facilities having satisfactory economies of scale, thus making financing onerous and hindering the development of suitable technologies. Lignol Innovations has developed a biorefining technology that employs an ethanol-based organosolv step to separate lignin, hemicellulose components, and extractives from the cellulosic fraction of woody biomass. The resultant cellulosic fraction is highly susceptible to enzymatic hydrolysis, generating very high yields of glucose (> 90% in 12-24 h) with typical enzyme loadings of 10-20 FPU (filter paper units)/g. This glucose is readily converted to ethanol, or possibly other sugar platform chemicals, either by sequential or simultaneous saccharification and fermentation. The liquor from the organosolv step is processed by well-established unit operations to recover lignin, furfural, xylose, acetic acid, and a lipophylic extractives fraction. The process ethanol is recovered and recycled back to the process. The resulting recycled process water is of a very high quality, low BOD5 and suitable for overall system process closure. Significant benefits can be attained in greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions, as per the Kyoto Protocol. Revenues from the multiple products, particularly the lignin, ethanol and xylose fractions, ensure excellent economics for the process even in plants as small as 100 mtpd (metric tonnes per day) dry woody biomass input - a scale suitable for processing wood residues produced by a single large sawmill.