Survey and genetic characterization of wastewater in Tunisia for Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, Enterocytozoon bieneusi, Cyclospora cayetanensis and Eimeria spp.
Survey and genetic characterization of wastewater in Tunisia for Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, Enterocytozoon bieneusi, Cyclospora cayetanensis and Eimeria spp.
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DOI：
10.2166/wh.2012.204
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发表时间：
2012-09-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Xiao, Lihua
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ben Ayed, Layla;Yang, Wenli;Xiao, Lihua
采用特异性聚合酶链式反应(PCR)检测隐孢子虫、十二指肠贾第鞭毛虫、环孢子虫、艾美耳球虫等几种致病原生生物，对灌溉和施肥废水中的微生物多样性进行了研究。和比内氏肠细胞体。2005年至2008年，从突尼斯各地的18个处理厂共收集了220个废水样本(110个未经处理，110个已处理)和12个污泥样本。除仅检出一次环孢子虫外，其余依次为毕氏棘球菌属(61%)、十二指肠球虫属(28%)、毛孢子虫属(28%)。(27%)和艾美耳球虫(Eimeria spp.(45%)常见于废水和污泥中。对扩增产物进行测序，发现人隐球绦虫、安德森隐球绦虫、十二指肠球虫A-II亚群和比内氏乳杆菌D、IV型是最常见的亚型。对来自18个污水处理厂的209个毕氏艾美耳球虫的内部转录间隔区序列的分布分析表明，无论地理位置如何，都具有相似的遗传多样性。对这些寄生虫的种类和基因类型以及宿主特有的艾美耳球虫种类的鉴定表明，废水的微生物质量受到人、牲畜和啮齿动物的影响。鉴于其中一些寄生虫带来的公共健康风险，需要制定废水使用指南，以最大限度地减少人类对这些病原体的暴露。
The microbial diversity of wastewater used for irrigation and fertilization was assessed using specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays to detect and genotype several pathogenic protists including Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, Cyclospora spp., Eimeria spp. and Enterocytozoon bieneusi. A total of 220 wastewater samples (110 raw, 110 treated) and 12 sludge samples were collected from 2005 to 2008 from 18 treatment plants located throughout Tunisia. Except for Cyclospora, which was detected only once, E. bieneusi (61%), G. duodenalis (28%), Ctyptosporidium spp. (27%) and Eimeria spp. (45%) were frequently observed in wastewater and sludge. Sequencing of PCR products showed that C. hominis, C. andersoni, G. duodenalis sub-assemblage A-II and E. bieneusi genotypes D and IV were the most prevalent. An analysis of the distribution of 209 internal transcribed spacer sequences of E. bieneusi originating from wastewater at the 18 treatment plants showed a similar genetic diversity, regardless of the geographical location. The identification of these parasite species and genotypes and of host-specific Eimeria species indicates that the microbial quality of wastewater was impacted by humans, livestock and rodents. Given the public health risks that some of these parasites represent, guidelines on wastewater usage are needed to minimize human exposure to these pathogens.