Interoceptive dimensions across cardiac and respiratory axes
Interoceptive dimensions across cardiac and respiratory axes
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2016.0014
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发表时间：
2016-11-19
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Engels, Miriam
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Garfinkel, Sarah N.;Manassei, Miranda F.;Engels, Miriam
内感受是指对身体内部状态相关信号的感知。内感受敏感性的个体差异被认为是情感处理差异（包括焦虑表现）的原因。大多数对内感受准确性的研究集中在心脏信号上，通常使用心跳检测测试和自我报告测量方法。因此，对于不同器官特异性的内感受轴如何相互关联，或者它们与焦虑症状之间的关系，我们知之甚少。在这里，我们比较了对心脏和呼吸信号的内感受。我们证明了内感受准确性的心脏和呼吸测量指标之间存在分离（即任务表现），然而内感受意识的心脏和呼吸测量指标之间存在正相关关系（即对自身内感受能力的元认知洞察）。心脏和呼吸测量的内感受准确性以及元认知意识都与触觉敏锐度（一种外感受觉）无关。特定的内感受测量指标被发现可预测焦虑症状。呼吸准确性差与焦虑评分升高有关，而对心脏内感受的良好元认知意识与焦虑降低有关。这些发现强调，不同感觉模式的检测准确性是可分离的，未来的研究可以更好地描绘它们与情感和认知结构的关系。本文是“超越内稳态的内感受：情感、认知和心理健康”主题特刊的一部分。
Interoception refers to the sensing of signals concerning the internal state of the body. Individual differences in interoceptive sensitivity are proposed to account for differences in affective processing, including the expression of anxiety. The majority of investigations of interoceptive accuracy focus on cardiac signals, typically using heartbeat detection tests and self-report measures. Consequently, little is known about how different organ-specific axes of interoception relate to each other or to symptoms of anxiety. Here, we compare interoception for cardiac and respiratory signals. We demonstrate a dissociation between cardiac and respiratory measures of interoceptive accuracy (i.e. task performance), yet a positive relationship between cardiac and respiratory measures of interoceptive awareness (i.e. metacognitive insight into own interoceptive ability). Neither interoceptive accuracy nor metacognitive awareness for cardiac and respiratory measures was related to touch acuity, an exteroceptive sense. Specific measures of interoception were found to be predictive of anxiety symptoms. Poor respiratory accuracy was associated with heightened anxiety score, while good metacognitive awareness for cardiac interoception was associated with reduced anxiety. These findings highlight that detection accuracies across different sensory modalities are dissociable and future work can better delineate their relationship to affective and cognitive constructs.This article is part of the themed issue 'Interoception beyond homeostasis: affect, cognition and mental health'.