Dietary fiber and prebiotics and the gastrointestinal microbiota.
Dietary fiber and prebiotics and the gastrointestinal microbiota.
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DOI：
10.1080/19490976.2017.1290756
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发表时间：
2017-03-04
期刊：
影响因子：
12.2
通讯作者：
Holscher HD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Holscher HD
胃肠道微生物群在人类健康中具有重要作用，并且人们越来越关注利用饮食方法来调节定殖胃肠道的微生物群落的组成和代谢功能，以改善健康，预防或治疗疾病。调节微生物群的一种饮食策略是食用可被胃肠道中的微生物代谢的膳食纤维和益生元。人类消化酶不能消化大多数复杂的碳水化合物和植物多糖。相反，这些多糖被微生物代谢，产生短链脂肪酸（SCFA），包括乙酸酯，丙酸酯和丁酸酯。本文综述了纤维和益生元消费对人体胃肠道微生物群组成和代谢功能的影响的现有知识，包括复合碳水化合物的理化性质的影响，足够的摄入量和治疗剂量，以及与人体微生物群组成相关的表型反应。
The gastrointestinal microbiota has an important role in human health, and there is increasing interest in utilizing dietary approaches to modulate the composition and metabolic function of the microbial communities that colonize the gastrointestinal tract to improve health, and prevent or treat disease. One dietary strategy for modulating the microbiota is consumption of dietary fiber and prebiotics that can be metabolized by microbes in the gastrointestinal tract. Human alimentary enzymes are not able to digest most complex carbohydrates and plant polysaccharides. Instead, these polysaccharides are metabolized by microbes which generate short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), including acetate, propionate, and butyrate. This article reviews the current knowledge of the impact of fiber and prebiotic consumption on the composition and metabolic function of the human gastrointestinal microbiota, including the effects of physiochemical properties of complex carbohydrates, adequate intake and treatment dosages, and the phenotypic responses related to the composition of the human microbiota.