A Meta-Analytic Assessment of the Effect of Immigration on Wages
A Meta-Analytic Assessment of the Effect of Immigration on Wages
复制标题
移民对工资影响的荟萃分析评估
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Poot
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Longhi;P. Nijkamp;J. Poot
在我们日益互联和开放的世界中，国际移民正在成为许多国家的重要社会经济现象。自 20 世纪 80 年代初以来，针对移民对东道国劳动力市场的影响进行了许多研究。 Borjas (2003) 指出，移民对本地工人工资的估计影响在不同的研究中存在很大差异，有时甚至在同一项研究中也是如此。此外，这些影响集中在零附近。鉴于在封闭竞争的劳动力市场中，劳动力供应的增加可能会对工资产生下行压力，因此如此小的影响是一个相当令人惊讶的结果。我们通过对 18 篇论文的样本应用元分析技术来重新审视这个问题_new，这些论文总共生成了 348 个本地工人工资百分比变化的估计值，相对于移民与本地工人的比例增加 1 个百分点。虽然我们样本中的许多研究都采用美国数据，但也从德国、荷兰、法国、挪威、奥地利、以色列和澳大利亚获得了估计值。我们的分析表明，结果因国家而异，尤其与建模方法的类型有关。还解决了发表偏差和估计质量等技术问题。移民对具有类似技能的本地群体的工资产生的负面但微小的影响似乎相当强劲。
In our increasingly interconnected and open world, international migration is becoming an important socio-economic phenomenon for many countries. Since the early 1980s, many studies have been undertaken of the impact of immigration on host labour markets. Borjas (2003) noted that the estimated effect of immigration on the wage of native workers varies widely from study to study and sometimes even within the same study. In addition, these effects cluster around zero. Such a small effect is a rather surprising outcome, given that in a closed competitive labour market an increase in labour supply may be expected to exert a downward pressure on wages. We revisit this issue by applying meta-analytic techniques to a sample of eighteen papers_new, which altogether generated 348 estimates of the percentage change in the wage of a native worker with respect to a one percentage point increase in the ratio of immigrants over native workers. While many studies in our sample employ US data, estimates are also obtained from Germany, The Netherlands, France, Norway, Austria, Israel and Australia. Our analysis shows that results vary across countries and are inter alia related to the type of modelling approach. Technical issues such as publication bias and quality of the estimates are addressed as well. A negative but small effect of immigration on wages of native groups with similar skills appears rather robust.