Rapeseed breeding for oil content, quality, and sustainability
Rapeseed breeding for oil content, quality, and sustainability
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DOI：
10.1002/ejlt.201100063
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发表时间：
2011-10-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Leckband, Gunhild
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abbadi, Amine;Leckband, Gunhild
00-油菜籽-也称为卡诺拉（菜籽油中不含芥酸，残留种子中硫代葡萄糖苷含量低）-的成功开发为食品和饲料市场开辟了几乎无限的途径。油菜是当今世界第三大油料作物，对世界各地人民的经济和健康都有贡献。在过去的几十年中，对植物油作为食品、非食品和生物燃料的需求显著增长。这一需求可以得到满足，由于改进的农艺发展，更好的加工方法，并在现有品种的改进。然而，不同国家的产量不同，反映了不同的投入水平和生产效率。这凸显了作物改良的空间，产量将继续成为许多油菜籽改良计划的首要重点。除了产量和产量稳定性外，提高种子含油量和进一步改善油粕品质已成为最重要的育种标准之一。现代品种是基于一个相对较小的子集可用的遗传多样性。因此，Rapplain可能会对旨在选择性地增强关键经济投入和产出性状的遗传变异的计划做出强烈反应。本文综述了油菜育种的进展和未来的挑战。
The successful development of 00-oilseed rape-also named canola (erucic acid free in seed oil and low glucosinolate content in the residual seed)-has opened almost unlimited avenues into the food and feed markets. Oilseed rape is today the world's third leading oil crop and contributes both to the economies and health of people around the world. During the last decades, the demand for vegetable oils as food, non-food, and biofuel has grown significantly. This demand could be satisfied due to improved agronomic developments, better processing methods, and improvements in the varieties available. The yield however varies in different countries, reflecting different input levels and production efficiency. This highlights the room for crop improvement, and the yield will continue to be the primary focus of many rapeseed improvement programs. Besides yield and yield stability increasing seed oil content and further improvement of oil and meal qualities have become one of the most important breeding criteria. Modern varieties are based on a relatively small subset of the available genetic diversities. Rapeseed is thus likely to respond strongly to programs aimed at selectively enhancing genetic variation for key economic input and output traits. This review outlines the progress and future challenges for rapeseed breeding.