The ethics of protocells : moral and social implications of creating life in the laboratory
The ethics of protocells : moral and social implications of creating life in the laboratory
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DOI：
10.7551/mitpress/9780262012621.001.0001
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发表时间：
2009-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Bedau;Emily C. Parke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Bedau;Emily C. Parke
世界各地的科学家团队正在竞相创造原始细胞-微观的，自组织的实体，自发地从简单的有机和无机材料组装。创造完全自主的原始细胞--一种可以被认为是真正活着的技术--只是一个时间问题。这本书探讨了在实验室中创造生命所引发的紧迫的社会和伦理问题。原细胞可能提供巨大的医疗和社会效益以及巨大的新经济机会，但它们也带来潜在的风险，并威胁到反对篡改自然和“扮演上帝”的文化和道德规范。“《原细胞伦理学》提供了关于这些问题的各种观点。在对当前的原始细胞研究（包括J.克雷格文特尔和汉密尔顿史密斯广为宣传的“自上而下”的策略，他们已经从美国能源部获得了数百万美元的资助）进行了简要的调查之后，本书的章节讨论了风险、不确定性和预防措施;从最近的历史和相关技术中吸取的教训;以及使用原始细胞的未来社会中的伦理。讨论范围从对预防原则的新考虑和专业伦理学家的作用，到探索从社会对其他生物技术和开放源码软件运动的经验中可以学到什么。贡献者：Mark A. Bedau，Gaymon班尼特，Giovanni Boniolo，Carl Cranor，Bill Durodie，Mickey Gjerris，Brigitte Hantsche-Tangen，克莉丝汀豪斯凯勒，Andrew Hessel，Brian约翰逊，乔治库什夫，艾米丽C. Parke，Alain Pottage，Paul Rabinow，Per Sandin，Joachim Schummer，Mark Triant，劳里Zoloth
Teams of scientists around the world are racing to create protocells--microscopic, self-organizing entities that spontaneously assemble from simple organic and inorganic materials. The creation of fully autonomous protocells--a technology that can, for all intents and purposes, be considered literally alive--is only a matter of time. This book examines the pressing social and ethical issues raised by the creation of life in the laboratory. Protocells might offer great medical and social benefits and vast new economic opportunities, but they also pose potential risks and threaten cultural and moral norms against tampering with nature and "playing God." The Ethics of Protocells offers a variety of perspectives on these concerns. After a brief survey of current protocell research (including the much-publicized "top-down" strategy of J. Craig Venter and Hamilton Smith, for which they have received multimillion dollar financing from the U.S. Department of Energy), the chapters treat risk, uncertainty, and precaution; lessons from recent history and related technologies; and ethics in a future society with protocells. The discussions range from new considerations of the precautionary principle and the role of professional ethicists to explorations of what can be learned from society's experience with other biotechnologies and the open-source software movement. Contributors: Mark A. Bedau, Gaymon Bennett, Giovanni Boniolo, Carl Cranor, Bill Durodie, Mickey Gjerris, Brigitte Hantsche-Tangen, Christine Hauskeller, Andrew Hessel, Brian Johnson, George Khushf, Emily C. Parke, Alain Pottage, Paul Rabinow, Per Sandin, Joachim Schummer, Mark Triant, Laurie Zoloth