RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANTIOXIDANTS, PROOXIDANTS, AND THE AGING PROCESS
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANTIOXIDANTS, PROOXIDANTS, AND THE AGING PROCESS
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb38651.x
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发表时间：
1992-11-21
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
ORR, WC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
SOHAL, RS;ORR, WC
有人认为，减少的氧物种可能是衰老过程的原因之一。实验研究有力地支持了新陈代谢率与衰老率呈负相关的观点。本文指出，珍珠的生活率理论被广泛误解，因为错误的信念，它主张一个固定的代谢潜力为不同的物种或基因型的物种。在昆虫和哺乳动物体内的氧化应激水平往往随着年龄的增长而增加，如增加的烷烃呼出所示。对这种增加的原因的研究表明，与年龄相关的抗氧化防御能力的下降既不普遍，也不令人印象深刻。抗氧化防御（SOD，过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽的活性）在六种不同的哺乳动物物种的比较没有表明这些防御和最大寿命潜力的物种之间的明确关联。与此相反，线粒体率的O2-和H2 O2被发现在昆虫和哺乳动物中随着年龄的增长，和MLSP的6种哺乳动物被发现与肝脏线粒体率的O2-和H2 O2的产生呈负相关。这似乎是与年龄相关的氧化应激的增加主要是由于O2-和H2 O2的产生速率的增强。据推测，在不同物种的老化率的变化，否则密切相关的遗传，可能部分是由于O2-和H2 O2的生产率的差异。总的来说，氧化剂产生的速率比抗氧化剂防御的水平更好地与衰老速率相关。
It is argued that reduced oxygen species may be one of the causal factors underlying the aging process. Experimental studies strongly support the view that the rate of metabolism is inversely associated with the rate of aging. It is pointed out that Pearl's rate of living theory is widely misunderstood, because of the mistaken belief that it advocates a fixed metabolic potential for different species or genotypes within a species. The in vivo level of oxidative stress tends to increase with age in insects and mammals as indicated by increased exhalation of alkanes. A search for the causes of this increase revealed that an age-associated decline in antioxidant defenses is neither widespread nor very impressive in magnitude. A comparison of antioxidant defenses (activities of SOD, catalase, and glutathione) in six different mammalian species did not suggest a clear association between these defenses and maximum life span potential of the species. In contrast, mitochondrial rates of O2-and H2O2 were found to increase with age in insects and mammals, and the MLSP of six mammals was found to be inversely correlated with liver mitochondrial rates of O2-and H2O2 generation. It seems that the age-related increase in oxidative stress is mainly due to the enhanced rate of O2-and H2O2 generation. It is hypothesized that variations in the rates of aging in different species, that are otherwise closely related phylogenetically, may be in part due to differences in rates of O2-and H2O2 production. Overall, the rates of oxidant generation are a better correlate of the rates of aging than are the levels of antioxidant defenses.