Widespread patterns of gene loss in the evolution of the animal kingdom
Widespread patterns of gene loss in the evolution of the animal kingdom
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DOI：
10.1038/s41559-020-1129-2
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发表时间：
2020-02-24
影响因子：
16.8
通讯作者：
Paps, Jordi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guijarro-Clarke, Cristina;Holland, Peter W. H.;Paps, Jordi
aCristina Guijarro-Clarkenimal 王国展现出惊人的多样性，这是超过 5.5 亿年动物进化的产物。目前丰富的基因组序列数据提供了更好地了解这种多样性的基因组基础的机会。在这里，我们分析了 102 个全基因组样本，其中包括超过 260 万个蛋白质序列。我们推断出与从总门到门水平的各种动物形式相关的主要基因组模式。我们发现，在两侧对称动物的两个主要类群（蜕皮动物和后口动物）的进化过程中发生了大量的基因丢失，并且在几个后口动物谱系中进一步丢失。后口动物和原口动物也表现出巨大的基因组新颖性。在门水平上，扁虫、线虫和缓步动物显示出基因互补性以及基因新颖性的最大减少。这些发现描绘了动物界的进化图景，其中蛋白质编码水平的还原进化在塑造基因组组成方面发挥了重要作用。对102个基因组的分析显示，蜕皮动物和后口动物中存在显着水平的基因丢失，而后口动物和原口动物中存在大量基因组新颖性。
The aCristina Guijarro-Clarkenimal kingdom shows an astonishing diversity, the product of over 550 million years of animal evolution. The current wealth of genome sequence data offers an opportunity to better understand the genomic basis of this diversity. Here we analyse a sampling of 102 whole genomes including >2.6 million protein sequences. We infer major genomic patterns associated with the variety of animal forms from the superphylum to phylum level. We show that a remarkable amount of gene loss occurred during the evolution of two major groups of bilaterian animals, Ecdysozoa and Deuterostomia, and further loss in several deuterostome lineages. Deuterostomes and protostomes also show large genome novelties. At the phylum level, flatworms, nematodes and tardigrades show the largest reduction of gene complement, alongside gene novelty. These findings paint a picture of evolution in the animal kingdom in which reductive evolution at the protein-coding level played a major role in shaping genome composition.An analysis of 102 genomes shows remarkable levels of gene loss in ecdysozoans and deuterostomes and large genome novelties in deuterostomes and protostomes.