Xylem and phloem phenology in co-occurring conifers exposed to drought.
Xylem and phloem phenology in co-occurring conifers exposed to drought.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00468-014-1026-x
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Oberhuber, Walter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Swidrak, Irene;Gruber, Andreas;Oberhuber, Walter
木质部和韧皮部物候的变异是由生长季节开始时的温度差异和物种对干旱的敏感性造成的。 本研究的重点是确定在干燥的内部阿尔卑斯环境（海拔750米，奥地利蒂罗尔州）。通过连续两年的树干微量取样，比较了欧洲赤松、北美落叶松和欧洲云杉成熟期木质部和韧皮部形成的关键物候期。樟子松木质部的形成分别在2011年和2012年4月中下旬开始，而冷杉和落叶松木质部的形成均晚于2011年和2012年4月中下旬。蜕膜樟子松韧皮部的形成比木质部的形成早3周; 5周后，在P. abies和L.蜕膜基于模拟的细胞数量增加，管胞产量在2011年5月上旬至5月下旬和2012年5月下旬至6月中旬之间达到峰值。2011年4月下旬至5月中旬和2012年5月下旬，韧皮部的形成达到顶峰。木质部和韧皮部细胞的产生分别持续约4个月和5-6个月。不同年份和不同物种间木质部生长量的高变异性分别与气候因子的外源控制和物种对干旱的敏感性有关。另一方面，韧皮部细胞的生产是相当均匀的，并显示相对于木质部细胞的渐近减少，表明内源控制。结果表明，木质部和韧皮部形成的发病和高潮控制早春温度，从而显着先进的生产韧皮部相比，木质部细胞表明较低的温度要求为前者的起始。
Variability in xylem and phloem phenology among years and species is caused by contrasting temperatures prevailing at the start of the growing season and species-specific sensitivity to drought. The focus of this study was to determine temporal dynamics of xylem and phloem formation in co-occurring deciduous and evergreen coniferous species in a dry inner Alpine environment (750 m a.s.l., Tyrol, Austria). By repeated micro-sampling of the stem, timing of key phenological dates of xylem and phloem formation was compared among mature Pinus sylvestris, Larix decidua and Picea abies during two consecutive years. Xylem formation in P. sylvestris started in mid and late April 2011 and 2012, respectively, and in both years about 2 week later in P. abies and L. decidua. Phloem formation preceded xylem formation on average by 3 week in P. sylvestris, and c. 5 week in P. abies and L. decidua. Based on modeled cell number increase, tracheid production peaked between early through late May 2011 and late May through mid-June 2012. Phloem formation culminated between late April and mid-May in 2011 and in late May 2012. Production of xylem and phloem cells continued for about 4 and 5–6 months, respectively. High variability in xylem increment among years and species is related to exogenous control by climatic factors and species-specific sensitivity to drought, respectively. On the other hand, production of phloem cells was quite homogenous and showed asymptotic decrease with respect to xylem cells indicating endogenous control. Results indicate that onset and culmination of xylem and phloem formation are controlled by early spring temperature, whereby strikingly advanced production of phloem compared to xylem cells suggests lower temperature requirement for initiation of the former.
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影响因子：
11.6
作者：
Levesque, Mathieu;Saurer, Matthias;Rigling, Andreas
通讯作者：
Rigling, Andreas
影响因子：
--
作者：
ALFIERI, FJ;EVERT, RF
通讯作者：
EVERT, RF
影响因子：
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作者：
DAVIS, JD;EVERT, RF
通讯作者：
EVERT, RF
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Levanic, Tom;Gricar, Jozica;Robertson, Iain
通讯作者：
Robertson, Iain
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Deslauriers, A;Morin, H;Begin, Y
通讯作者：
Begin, Y