PROSOCIAL BEHAVIOR IN HYPERACTIVE BOYS - EFFECTS OF STIMULANT MEDICATION AND COMPARISON WITH NORMAL BOYS
PROSOCIAL BEHAVIOR IN HYPERACTIVE BOYS - EFFECTS OF STIMULANT MEDICATION AND COMPARISON WITH NORMAL BOYS
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00927119
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发表时间：
1992-02-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
HINSHAW, SP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BUHRMESTER, D;WHALEN, CK;HINSHAW, SP
为了弄清兴奋剂药物对多动症儿童的亲社会行为和对同伴的厌恶行为的影响，我们观察了19名7-12岁的多动症男孩，他们在2-4名不熟悉的幼儿群体中充当“领导者”。在双盲交叉设计中，受试者被观察两次，一次使用安慰剂，另一次使用中等剂量（0.6 mg/kg）的哌醋甲酯（利他林）。13个在注意力和行为上没有问题的比较男孩也被观察到担任同样的领导角色。与对照组男孩相比，服用安慰剂的过度活跃男孩更积极参与社会活动，使用更令人反感的领导技巧，并且被小组中年龄较小的孩子评为不那么讨人喜欢。厌恶的社会行为是最强烈的预测，被年幼的孩子不喜欢。在任何亲社会行为方面，比较组和未服药的多动症男孩之间没有发现差异。与安慰剂相比，兴奋剂药物对社交行为有普遍的抑制作用，显著降低了社交参与度，增加了（轻度）烦躁不安。讨论了这些发现对理解和治疗多动症儿童同伴关系困难的意义。
To clarify the effects of stimulant medication on hyperactive (ADHD) children's prosocial as well as aversive behaviors toward peers, 19 hyperactive boys, aged 7-12, were observed as they acted as "leaders" for groups of 2-4 unfamiliar younger children. In a double-blind crossover design, subjects were observed twice, once on placebo and again on a moderate (0.6 mg/kg) dose of methylphenidate (Ritalin). Thirteen comparison boys, without problems in attention and behavior, were also observed in the same leader roles. Relative to comparison boys, hyperactive boys on placebo were more socially engaged, used more aversive leadership techniques, and were rated as less likable by the younger children in their groups. Aversive social behaviors were the strongest predictors of being disliked by the younger children. No differences were found between comparison and unmedicated hyperactive boys for any aspect of prosocial behavior. Stimulant medication had a general dampening effect on social behavior, significantly reducing social engagement and increasing (mild) dysphoria relative to the placebo condition. The implications of these findings for understanding and treating the peer relationship difficulties of hyperactive children are discussed.