Acetate Metabolism in Anaerobes from the Domain Archaea.
Acetate Metabolism in Anaerobes from the Domain Archaea.
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DOI：
10.3390/life5021454
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发表时间：
2015-06-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ferry JG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ferry JG
乙酸盐和乙酰辅酶A在所有生物学中都发挥着重要作用，包括细菌和古细菌领域的厌氧原核生物，它们约占地球生物圈中所有活原生质的四分之一。古细菌领域的厌氧菌通过代谢乙酸盐作为生长底物或产物来促进全球碳循环。它们是将复杂的有机物转化为甲烷的厌氧微生物食物链的组成部分，并且许多通过合成乙酰辅酶A将二氧化碳固定到细胞材料中。它们存在于从昆虫消化道到深海热液喷口的多种生态栖息地中，并合成大量具有生物技术潜力的新型酶。生态研究表明，还有更多具有新特性的乙酸代谢物种有待发现。
Acetate and acetyl-CoA play fundamental roles in all of biology, including anaerobic prokaryotes from the domains Bacteria and Archaea, which compose an estimated quarter of all living protoplasm in Earth’s biosphere. Anaerobes from the domain Archaea contribute to the global carbon cycle by metabolizing acetate as a growth substrate or product. They are components of anaerobic microbial food chains converting complex organic matter to methane, and many fix CO2 into cell material via synthesis of acetyl-CoA. They are found in a diversity of ecological habitats ranging from the digestive tracts of insects to deep-sea hydrothermal vents, and synthesize a plethora of novel enzymes with biotechnological potential. Ecological investigations suggest that still more acetate-metabolizing species with novel properties await discovery.