The personal fable and risk-taking in early adolescence
The personal fable and risk-taking in early adolescence
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DOI：
10.1007/s10964-006-9144-4
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Ginsberg, Stephen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alberts, Amy;Elkind, David;Ginsberg, Stephen
Elkind（1967）的青少年自我中心主义理论提出了两个不同但相关的结构-想象的观众和个人寓言。个人寓言（PF）是想象中的观众的必然结果，它产生了一种刀枪不入的感觉，通常与行为冒险有关。当被视为一种发展现象时，冒险被认为是认知不成熟的结果。然而，很少有青少年健康计划解决自我中心的决策层面。我们相信，有效且可靠的PF测量将有助于评估冒险潜力并为预防干预措施提供信息。本文报道了一个新构建的测量PF及其与冒险行为的关系的结果。本研究以119名中学生为被试，对以下三个假设进行了检验：1。PF分数会随着年龄的增长而增加; 2.男性在PF的抗毁性维度上的得分高于女性; PF和风险承担呈正相关。正如预测的那样，PF分数在研究的年龄范围内显著增加。在PF的两个维度中，只有刀枪不入在不同年级之间存在显著差异。男性的刀枪不入得分显著高于女性，PF和冒险呈正相关。实施这一新的，可以说，可靠和有效的规模的建议。
Elkind's (1967) theory of adolescent egocentrism proposes two distinct, but related, constructs - the imaginary audience and the personal fable. A corollary to the imaginary audience, the personal fable (PF) yields a sense of invulnerability and speciality commonly associated with behavioral risk-taking. When regarded as a developmental phenomenon, risk-taking is thought to be the result of cognitive immaturity. However, few adolescent health programs address the egocentric dimension of decision making. We believe that a valid and reliable measure of PF would aid assessment of risk-taking potential and inform preventive interventions. The present paper reports the results of a newly constructed measure of PF and its relation to risk-taking behavior. The following three hypotheses were tested using data from an availability sample of 119 middle school students: 1. PF scores will increase with age; 2. males will score higher than females on the invulnerability dimension of PF; and 3. PF and risk-taking will be positively correlated. As predicted, PF scores increased significantly across the age range studied. Of the two PF dimensions, only invulnerability significantly varied across grades. Males reported significantly higher invulnerability scores than females, and PF and risk-taking were positively correlated. Suggestions for the implementation of this new and, arguably, reliable and valid scale are presented.