Nutritional Factors That Regulate Ovulation of the Dominant Follicle During the First Follicular Wave Postpartum in High-producing Dairy Cows
Nutritional Factors That Regulate Ovulation of the Dominant Follicle During the First Follicular Wave Postpartum in High-producing Dairy Cows
复制标题
DOI：
10.1262/jrd.11-139n
复制
发表时间：
2012-02-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Miyamoto, Akio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kawashima, Chiho;Matsui, Motozumi;Miyamoto, Akio
近几十年来，由于管理、营养和遗传选择的改善，每头奶牛的产奶量急剧增加;然而，高产奶牛的繁殖性能一直在下降。导致这种低生殖性能的因素之一是负能量平衡（NEB）。NEB影响产后早期奶牛的首次排卵。一般认为，早期第一次排卵与奶牛正常卵巢功能的恢复、首次服务和受胎率呈正相关。因此，延迟第一次排卵对随后的生育能力有负面影响。NEB中奶牛的代谢状况转变为分解代谢，这反过来导致血浆生长激素和非酯化脂肪酸浓度升高以及血浆胰岛素样生长因子-1、胰岛素和葡萄糖浓度降低。另一方面，血浆β-胡萝卜素浓度在整个干奶期下降，并在产后第一周左右达到最低点，这种变化反映了围产期的能量平衡。β-胡萝卜素在奶牛的繁殖性能中独立于维生素A发挥作用，并且在过去几十年中的许多研究中已经证明了补充β-胡萝卜素与繁殖功能之间的正相关关系。然而，作为高产奶牛常用的主要饲料的玉米青贮饲料中的β-胡萝卜素含量很低。本文综述了奶牛产后第一波卵泡排卵的营养因素。
During recent decades, milk production per cow has increased drastically due to improved management, nutrition, and genetic selection; however, the reproductive performance of high-producing dairy cows has been declining. One of the factors responsible for this low reproductive performance is negative energy balance (NEB). NEB affects the onset of first ovulation in early postpartum cows. It is generally accepted that early first ovulation positively relates to the resumption of normal ovarian function, first service, and conception rate in dairy cows. Hence, delayed first ovulation has a negative impact on subsequent fertility. The metabolic condition of cows in NEB shifts to catabolic metabolism, which in turn causes increased plasma growth hormone and non-esterified fatty acid concentrations and decreased plasma insulin-like growth factor-1, insulin, and glucose concentrations. On the other hand, plasma beta-carotene concentrations decrease throughout the dry period and reach their nadir in about the first week postpartum, and this change reflects energy balance during the peripartum period. beta-Carotene plays a role independently of vitamin A in the reproductive performance of dairy cows, and the positive relationship between supplemental beta-carotene and reproductive function has been demonstrated in many studies during the past decades. However, beta-carotene content in corn silage, which is a popular main feed in high-producing dairy cows, is very low. This review describes nutritional factors related to ovulation during the first follicular wave postpartum in dairy cows.